Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
### Chemical Reaction Enthalpies **Objective:** Determine the enthalpy change (\( \Delta H \)) for the desired reaction: \[ \text{C(s) + 2 S(s)} \rightarrow \text{CS}_2(l) \quad \Delta H = ??? \] --- **Known Reactions:** 1. **Carbon Combustion:** \[ \text{C(s) + O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \] \[ \Delta H = -393.5 \, \text{kJ} \] 2. **Sulfur Combustion:** \[ \text{S(s) + O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{SO}_2(g) \] \[ \Delta H = -296.8 \, \text{kJ} \] 3. **Carbon Disulfide Combustion:** \[ \text{CS}_2(l) + 3 \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) + 2 \text{SO}_2(g) \] \[ \Delta H = -1103.9 \, \text{kJ} \] --- **Explanation:** To find the enthalpy change for the reaction forming carbon disulfide (\( \text{CS}_2(l) \)), use Hess's Law by combining the known reactions. - **Hess's Law** states that the total enthalpy change is the same regardless of the path taken, making it possible to use known reactions to calculate the unknown enthalpy change. **Approach:** - Begin with the desired reaction and rearrange the known reactions, applying the principles of thermochemistry, to solve for the unknown enthalpy change.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Chemical Reaction Enthalpies **Objective:** Determine the enthalpy change (\( \Delta H \)) for the desired reaction: \[ \text{C(s) + 2 S(s)} \rightarrow \text{CS}_2(l) \quad \Delta H = ??? \] --- **Known Reactions:** 1. **Carbon Combustion:** \[ \text{C(s) + O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \] \[ \Delta H = -393.5 \, \text{kJ} \] 2. **Sulfur Combustion:** \[ \text{S(s) + O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{SO}_2(g) \] \[ \Delta H = -296.8 \, \text{kJ} \] 3. **Carbon Disulfide Combustion:** \[ \text{CS}_2(l) + 3 \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) + 2 \text{SO}_2(g) \] \[ \Delta H = -1103.9 \, \text{kJ} \] --- **Explanation:** To find the enthalpy change for the reaction forming carbon disulfide (\( \text{CS}_2(l) \)), use Hess's Law by combining the known reactions. - **Hess's Law** states that the total enthalpy change is the same regardless of the path taken, making it possible to use known reactions to calculate the unknown enthalpy change. **Approach:** - Begin with the desired reaction and rearrange the known reactions, applying the principles of thermochemistry, to solve for the unknown enthalpy change.
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