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The vapor pressure of several solutions of water-propanol (C;H;OH) were determined at various compositions, and the following data of vapor pressure were collected at 45°C. 6. Mole fraction of H;0 XH20. Vapor Pressure of Solution (torr) 74.0 0.37 80.2 0.54 81.6 0.69 80.6 1.00 72.0 (a) Calculate the vapor pressure at 45°C for a solution that contains 46.0% of propanol and 54.0% water, by mole, assuming an ideal solution. (b) Determine whether water and propanol form an ideal solution, non-ideal solution with positive deviation, or non-ideal solution with negative deviation. (c) Are the overall intermolecular forces in the mixture stronger or weaker than those in pure liquids combined? Explain. (d) Which liquid has a higher boiling point, water or propanol? Explain. (e) For the three mixtures shown in the table, which one is expected to have the lowest boiling point? Explain.

An aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol, C3H8O, rubbing alcohol, has a mole fraction of alcohol equal to 0.290. 1. What is the percent by mass of the alcohol in the solution? 2. What is the molality of the alcohol?

If 4.50 moles of n-hexane (C6H14) are dissolved in 5.50 moles of n-pentane (C5H12) at 25°C, what is the vapor pressure of the resulting solution, in torr? (The vapor pressures of the pure materials at 25°C are: n-hexane = 150. torr and n-pentane = 511 torr.)