Vo+ L R₁ m t=0 R2: DC Figure P6.12 Circuit for Problems 6.12 to 6.14.

Uzman Soru-Cevap Bitti The terms RMS, MSE, and SNR were used in Section 3.6.2 in connection with tization. These tems are important in many aspects of signal processing besides quantization. (a) Explain in words the meaning of RMS, MSE, and SNR. What physical charac- teristic do they represent? quan- (b) MSE is defined as MSE = Ew(x) – x(1)°. %3D Explain each term of the equation. (c) RMS is defined as RMS = x(n) Explain each term of the equation. (d) SNR in decibels is defined as x*(n) SNR = 10 logio

(a) Draw the equivalent circuit used for ac analysis of the circuit shown .      (Use transistor symbols for this part.) Assume all capacitors have infinitevalue. (b) Redraw the ac equivalent circuit, replacing the transistor with its small-signal model. (c) Identify the function of each capacitor in thecircuit (bypass or coupling).

Sensor and system

Vth=.....2..v. Rh =... IL=Vth / (Rth + RL) PL = IL? * RL %3D Practical Simulation Theoretical, RL(0) IL PL IL PL IL PL 96.4 77.7m 65.5 m 56.7m 49.8 m 25 50 75 100 125 44.5m 40.33m 36.6 m 33.7m 150 175 200

A common application of control systems is in regulating the temperature of a chemical process (Figure P6.11). The flow of a chemical reactant to a process is controlled by an actuator and valve. The reactant causes the temperature in the vat to change. This temperature is sensed and com- pared to a desired set-point temperature in a closed loop, where the flow of reactant is adjusted to yield the desired temperature. In Chapter 9, we will learn how a PID controller is used to improve the performance of such process control systems. Figure P6.11 shows the control system prior to the addition of the PID controller. The PID controller is replaced by the shaded box with a gain of unity. For this system, prior to the design of the PID controller, find the range of amplifier gain, K, to keep the system stable. Desired temperature set point + Future PID controller Amplifier 1 H K Actuator and valve S + 0.5 0.1 s +0.1 Temperature sensor Chemical heat process 0.7 s² + 1.7s +0.3 Actual…

double clipper circuit  Zener diodes 1N4733A has a voltage of 5.1 V and 1N4735A has a voltage of 6.2 V with a resistor R=300ohms has been used. you may like to increase the input to a 12 VRMS AC source in order to see the clipping at 7volt. Please, Do the theoretical calculations and plot the expected waveforms by hand. ( I have its multisim design and only needs theoretical calculation and hand drawn graph of it to compare to its data that I have collected  from multism.) Thanks

You are designing a power supply for a 100 W high-quality audio amplifier that will drive an 8 Ohm speaker.  The datasheet says you need approximately a 75 V Vcc rail to properly supply the transistor power stage.  To get the excellent performance you expect, you aim for 1% ripple, and choose a design that minimizes the amount of capacitance required to reduce cost.  Assume the diode drop is 0.7 V, and the input AC voltage available from a transformer is 75 sin(377t) V. a)How much capacitance do you need (a real-world value in μF) ? b)What is the ripple voltage at 10 W output power? c)What should be the minimum voltage rating of the capacitor(s)?

The question is attached to jpeg picture of the circuit:

R +Vcc -Vcc C Vout R R a. Quantify how the resistors and the capacitor influence the output voltage of the circuit, Vout. What are the upper and lower limits of Vc? b. Howlong does it take for the capacitor to be charged from minimum to maximum voltage and vice versa?