Use the graphs to answer the question below. In each of the figures, the x-axis represents time, and the y-axis re of Species 2. A. В. C. D. Which one of the graphs above illustrates competitive exclusion? O Graph A O Graph B O Graph C Graph D
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- Increase K1 to shift the N1-intercept out for the pathogen O No further engineering is needed because there is a steady state point Decrease 12 to shift the N2-intercept up for the pathogen Increase K2 to shift the N2-intercept up for the probiotica. For an exponentially growing population, calculate μmax (units?) based on the data belowb. Calculate the specific growth rate (μ) of the population above growing at a substrate concentration of 25 mg/L according to Monod kinetics with a ks of 50 mg/L.c. Consider two genetically engineered organisms intended for use in the cleanup of hydrocarbon spills into the ocean. Bacterium alpha has a μmax of 1 d-1 and a ks of 0.1 mg/L. Bacterium beta has a μmax of 5 d-1 and a ks of 5 mg/L. If the hydrocarbon concentration is initially 1000 mg/L and the desired objective is to reduce concentrations below 0.1 mg/L what order of addition of the bacterial species is desired?HX Look at the table below containing cold tolerances of various pests in fields of corn. Average winter minimum temperatures in this area used to be 10 °F. Now the lowest minimum temperature in this area is 14 °F. Which field(s) would be predicted to show a decrease in com yield the following summer? Crop pest Cold tolerance (lowest temp. an organism can survive) A 28 °F B 12 °F C 20 °F D 24 °F OA.A OB.B OC.C OD.D
- Explain the concept of biocontrol. List several components of a system of integrated pest management (IPM).What is the competitive exclusion principle? List another example where this principle is demonstrated in the natural world.The three microbial species shown in the graph where all treated at 70° C. When we have to sterilize a food product that contained 107 bacteria, the time taken for each bacterial species would be:- For species A :- 42 minutes For species B :- 70 minutes For species C :- 112 minutes arrow_forward Step 3 The D70 values for these three bacterial populations. D70 for microbial species A= 42 minutes B: D70 microbial species B= 70 minutes C: D70 microbial species C =112 minutes Please answer these questions below: please use drawings too (i learn best that way) For the next three questions, assume D90 = 22 minutes. At what temperature will you treat a food product? How long does it take you to kill 90% of bacteria? How long will it take you to sterilize a food product if it had 109 bacteria on it?
- what is k and r for each condition? K (carrying capacity): can be estimated by finding the point where the growth curve levels off. Take the average of this data point and all data collected beyond this point to estimate k (note: if the bacteria population is still growing, you can just take the last value of data for k. r: choose any two points at the log phase of growth. Then use the r formula. Just choose two waste conditions for r and k calculation so I can get the idea of how to do this, thanks.Explain the term GFAP16. Which of the following can be briefly described in the phrase, "The niches of two species cannot overlap completely or significantly for an extended period." A) Competitive inclusion principle B) Competitive collusion principle C) Competitive exclusion principle D) Competitive illusion principle
- Describe the physical, chemical and biological limitations for those available microhabitats. Relate ecological concepts to micro scale. Recognize that the types of interactions that occur between macroscopic organisms can also occur on the microscopic scale. Give examples of predations, mutualism, neutralism, and antagonism in the microscopic world. Distinguish between mutualism and synergism. Distinguish between predation and parasitism. Describe the steps in biofilm formation. Describe how quorum sensing is involved in biofilm formation Describe how microbial populations interact within a living biofilmand describe the advantages to living in a biofilm and the genetic changes that occur in cells that adopt this lifestyle.Insects have a slower exponential increase in their population compared with bacteria because; Oa. Insects are much bigger. O b. They have a very high overall mortality, Oc. Their main mortality occurs in the young, not the adults. O d. Growing from egg to areproductive adult takes much longer. Each insect produces fewer of the next generation than doesa bacterium.Corn undergoes C4 photosynthesis and does not fix nitrogen, whereas Alfalfa is a nitrogen-fixing plant that utilizes C3 photosynthesis. Both species are equally watered. What can you interpret from this dN/dt vs. N plot given the biculture and monoculture treatments for each species (alfalfa & corn)? Biculture: Both corn & alfalfa grown together in the same pot Monoculture: Corn & alfalfa grown in separate pots