Understanding Discrete and Continuous Random Variables in Hydrology (a) List at least five examples of hydrologic discrete variables and five hydrologic continuous variables. Discuss and/or explain and how and/or why these variables in each category qualify the stated variables? (b) For the English River with watershed area 6230 km2and located in Thunder Bay district of Northwestern Ontario, find the median and mode-class of the discrete flow dataset as summarized below in the table. (c) Compute statistical parameters (mean, variance, coefficients of skewness, kurtosis, variation, and the lag one correlation coefficient) for the discrete flow data set as summarized below in the table. (d) Based on the assumption that the 42-year of flow data of the English River follow a normal probability distribution (that is a theoretical distribution of flow being a continuous variable), compute the peak flow estimates the corresponding probability of occurrence of 0.2, 0.1, and 0.01.

A study is performed to assess the prevalence of use of anti-hypertensive medication (MEDS) in the non-institutionalized U.S. population. The following data are reported for MEDS status of the U.S. population by age-sex group:   Table 1   Estimated MEDS Status of the U.S. Population by age and sex group, NHANES study 1999-2018     Males       Females   Age Group MEDS = yes Na   Age Group MEDS = yes Na 18-29 160,617 23,069,867   18-29 168,940 22,132,949 30-39 899,152 18,690,754   30-39 759,532 18,937,878 40-49 2,264,304 18,316,125   40-49 2,257,203 18,816,304 50-59 3,215,688 15,022,905   50-59 4,059,363 15,997,653 60-69 2,936,183 8,400,156   60-69 4,260,975 10,993,805 70-79 1,677,664 4,012,930   70-79 2,953,646 6,012,728   aN = total sample size in specific age-sex groups.   a. What is the prevalence of use of MEDS in 40-49 year-old females? b. Suppose a married couple consists…

The racial/ethnic diversity of post high school students enrolled at MVCC during the fall 2020 semester is given below. Racial/Ethnic Diversity of Post High School Students Race/Ethnicity Percent* American Indian or Alaska Native 0.4% Asian 5.3% Black or African American 9.6% Hispanic or Latino 9.6% Two or more races 2.8% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander <0.1% Non-Resident Alien 0.5% Unknown 1.5% White 70.2% (*Percentages may not total 100 due to rounding) What is the race/ethnicity of the majority of students at MVCC? What total percent of students were either Black or African American or Hispanic or Latino? There were 3,444 students enrolled at MVCC at the time of the study. How many (not percent) students were Asian? (The answer must be a whole number.)

The data to the right represent the number of chocolate chips per cookie in a random sample of a name brand and a store brand. Complete parts (a) to (c) below. Full data set D Name Brand Store Brand 20 23 26 24 28 19 21 27 33 28 33 15 29 22 25 17 22 21 22 30 20 26 23 24 25 27 ... (a) Draw side-by-side boxplots for each brand of cookie. Label the boxplots "N" for the name brand and "S" for the store brand. Choose the correct answer below. OA. OB. OC. N- N- N- 10 20 30 40 10 20 30 40 10 20 30 40 (b) Does there appear to be a difference in the number of chips per cookie? O A. Yes. The store brand appears to have more chips per cookie. O B. No. There appears to be no difference in the number of chips per cookie. O C. Yes. The name brand appears to have more chips per cookie. O D. There is insufficient information to draw a conclusion. (c) Does one brand have a more consistent number of chips per cookie? O A. No. Both brands have roughly the same number of chips per cookie. O B. Yes. The…

The more costly and​ time-consuming it is to export and​ import, the more difficult it is for local companies to be competitive and to reach international markets. As part of an initial investigation exploring foreign market​ entry, 9 countries were selected from each of four global regions. The cost associated with importing a standardized cargo of goods by sea transport in these countries​ (in US$ per​ container) is stored in the accompanying data table. Complete parts​ (a) through​ (d). East Asia & Pacific    Eastern Europe & Central Asia    Latin America & Caribbean    Middle East & North Africa240    77    1200    466777    335    688    397266    396    970    554383    83    290    644580    150    545    181220    306    420    646389    1125    450    695233    655    583    754392    100    1500    779 c. At the 0.05 level of​ significance, is there evidence of a difference in the variation in cost of importing among the four global​ regions? Determine…

A Journal published longitudinal study of hearing impairment in a group of elderly patients with intellectual disabilities. The hearing function of each patient was screened each year over a 10 - year period. At the study's conclusion, the hearing loss of each patient was categorized as severe, moderate, mild, or none. The classification of the 28 surviving patients are summarized in the following table. Hearing loss          Number of Patients  None                      7 Mild                        7 Moderate               9 Severe                    5 Total                      28 Conduct a test to determine whether the trueproportions of intellectually disabled elderly patients in each ofthe hearing-loss categories differ. Use a 5% significance level.   We are doing this on a Ti84 plus Calculator.

PETROGAS is testing new filters for its motorbikes. One brand of filter (Filter A) is placed in one motorbike, and the other brand (Filter B) is placed in the second motorbike. Random samples of air released from the motorbikes are taken at different times throughout the day. Pollutant concentrations are measured for both motorbikes at the same time. The following data attached represent the pollutant concentrations (in parts per million) for samples taken at 20 different times after passing through the filters. a. Test the hypothesis that the mean for the pollutant concentration for Filter B is greater than 30. Use the 1% level of significance. b. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean pollutant concentration, where a difference is equal to the pollutant concentration passing through Filter A minus the passing through Filter B. c. Using the 5% significance level, determine whether there is evidence that mean for the pollutant concentration for Filter A…

The racial/ethnic diversity of post high school students enrolled at MVCC during the fall 2020 semester is given below. Racial/Ethnic Diversity of Post High School Students Race/Ethnicity Percent* American Indian or Alaska Native 0.4% Asian 5.3% Black or African American 9.6% Hispanic or Latino 9.6% Two or more races 2.8% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander <0.1% Non-Resident Alien 0.5% Unknown 1.5% White 70.2% (*Percentages may not total 100 due to rounding) Is race/ethnicity a qualitative or quantitative variable Is the data displayed in a frequency or relative frequency distribution?

How are the data search the same? How do they differ? A.) The three data sets have the same mean and mode but have different medians and standard deviations. B.) The three data sets have the same standard deviations but have different means. C.) The three data sets have the same mean, median and mode but have different standard deviations. D.) The three data sets have the same mode but have different standard deviations and means.

2, For the three clusters identified in the accompanying Distance Matrix After Second Clustering​ table, find the average and standard deviations of each numerical variable for the schools in each cluster and compare them with the average and standard deviation for the entire data set. Does the clustering show distinct differences among these​ clusters?   Compute the overall mean and overall standard deviation for each numerical variable.       Median   SAT  Acceptance  Rate   Expenditures   /Student  Top 10% HS   Graduation %  Overall Mean enter your response here enter your response here​% ​$enter your response here enter your response here enter your response here Overall Stdev enter your response here enter your response here​% ​$enter your response here enter your response here enter your response here ​(Round to two decimal places as needed. Type N if the solution is​ undefined.)   Colleges and Universities School…