Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780190698614
Author: Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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- A small sphere (emissivity = 0.745, radius = r1) is located at the center of a spherical asbestos shell (thickness = 1.72 cm, outer radius = r2; thermal conductivity of asbestos is 0.090 J/(s m Co)). The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 727 °C, while the temperature of the inner surface of the shell is 406 °C, both temperatures remaining constant. Assuming that r2/r1 = 6.54 and ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature in degrees Celsius of the outer surface of the shell.arrow_forwardConsider a uniform circular plate with a square hole as shown in the figure below. Find the distance (in cm) between the center of mass of the plate and the point O. Assume that the radius of the cylinder is r = 43 cm, the side of the square hole is a = 10 cm, and the distance between the center of the circle and center of the hole is b = 7 cm. barrow_forwardA wood stove is used to heat a single room. The stove is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of D = 0.400 m and a length of L = 0.500 m, and operates at a temperature of T, = 200 °C. (a) If the temperature of the room is T, = 20°C, determine the amount of radiant energy delivered to the room by the stove each second if the emissivity of the stove is e = 0.920. (b) By definition, the R-value of a conducting slab is given by Atot(Th – To) Poond R = where Atot is the total surface area, Pcond is the power loss by conduction through the slab, Th and Te are the temperatures on the hotter and cooler sides of the slab. If the room has a square shape with walls of height H = 2.40 m and width W = 7.60 m, determine the R-value of the walls and ceiling required to maintain the room temperature at T = 20°C if the outside temperature is T, = 0°C. Note that we are ignoring any heat conveyed by the stove via convection and any energy lost through the walls and windows via convection or radiation.arrow_forward
- A body whose surface area is 0.65 m2 and the temperature is 175ºC is placed in a large chamber whose walls are at 25ºC. If the emissivity is 0.75, determine the rate of heat transfer by radiation between the body and the surroundings in W. Round to one decimal place.arrow_forwardTwo very large parallel metal plates are separated by a small vacuum gap. Plate 1 is in contact with liquid nitrogen at T₁ = 77 K; plate 2 is at room temperature, so T₂ = 300 K (see the figure). In order to reduce the heat loss by radiation, a third plate is inserted in the middle. The absorptivity of the middle plate is a=0.10 (i.e., it absorbs 10% of radiation). Both plates 1 and 2 are considered to be blackbody, and the absorptivity equals 1.0. (The Stefan-Boltzmann constant is o-5.67×10 W/(m²K)) T₁ Tm T₂ (a) Find the equilibrium temperature of middle plate Tm. (b) Find energy flux between T₁ and T2 plates if the middle plate is not inserted. (c) Find energy flux between T₁ and T2 plates at the presence of the middle plate.arrow_forwardYou are designing a chamber to contain the radiation emitted by nuclear decay during a fusion reaction. The left face of the (plane) chamber wall (x = 0) is exposed to the radiation and the right face of the wall (x = L) is perfectly insulated. To facilitate the fusion reaction, the left face of the wall is maintained at fixed temperature To. The radiation penetrates the wall causing uniform heat generation that varies with location inside the wall as ) = 40 (1 - 1) g(x) where qo [W/m^3 ] is a constant. Determine an expression for the temperature distribution in the wall T(x) assuming the thermal conductivity of the wall (k) is constant.arrow_forward
- A flat-plate collector with one glass cover is placed in horizontal. The absorber plate temperature is 95 oC and its emittance is 0,12. The glass cover temperature is 45 oC, and the (glass) cover has an emittance of 0.85. The plate-cover spacing is 15 mm. The ambient and surrounding temperature are equal at 25 oC. The wind velocity is 20 km/hour. If solar radiation is 850 W/m2 , and the plate absorptivity is 95%, calculate over all heat transfer coefficient losses and the useful energy (W/m2 ). ----- sarrow_forwardplease answer as fast as possiblearrow_forwardConsider steady heat transfer between two large parallel plates at constant temperatures T1 = 300 K and T2 = 200 K that are L = 1 cm apart, as shown below. Assuming the surface to be black, determine the rate of heat transfer between the plates per unit surface area assuming the gap between the plates is free flowing air with h = 7.5 W/m2oCarrow_forward
- A 1.2 m wide and 5.1 m long solar collector is mounted to a roof. Now the average surface temperature of the solar collector is measured to be 50 oC. The effective surrounding sky temperature is 8 oC. If the emissivity of the collector is 0.88, determine the rate of heat transfer from the collector to the surroundings due to radiation.arrow_forward2. (a) Consider a 25-cm-diameter spherical ball at 700 K suspended in air and assume the emissivity of the ball to be ε=0.95. Calculate: (i) the total emissive power in kW/m2; (ii) the total amount of radiation emitted by the ball in 3 minutes. (b) The inner and outer surfaces of a 25-cm-thick wall are at 27 oC and 45 oC, respectively. The outer surface of the wall exchanges heat by radiation with surrounding surfaces at 40 oC, and convection with ambient air at 42 oC with convection heat transfer coefficient of 9.0 W/m2 K. Solar radiation incident on the surface is at a rate of 150 W/m2. If the emissivity and the solar absorptivity of the outer surface are 0.75 and 0.85, respectively: (i) write the expression of the energy balance at the outer surface;…arrow_forwardDefine Emissivity of some materials at 300 K.arrow_forward
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