Turning is performed on a work material with shear strength of 250 MPa. The following conditions are used: v = 4.0 m/s, f = 0.25 mm/rev, d = 3.0 mm, and rake angle = 9* in the direction of chip flow. The resulting chip ratio = 0.5. Using the orthogonal model as an approximation of turning, determine: (a) the shear plane angle; (b) the shear force; (c) cutting force and feed force; (d) shear stress; (e) friction angle; (f) friction coefficient; (g) Discuss the effect of increasing shear angle on shear force and shear stress. Chip Tool Fa Work

A student is performing a turning operation with a workpiece with an initial diameter of 40 mm to produce a 30 mm diameter rod that is 100 mm long. The lathe power is 20 kW and is operating on 85% mechanical efficiency. If the student set the cutting speed to 0.5 m/min and the cutting tool is set to have a rake angle of 5 degrees:  a.) What material can we choose for the rod is the coefficient of friction is 0.5? b.) If we select 4130 normalized heat-treated steel for the rod, and coefficient of friction is 0.5, what will the maximum depth of cut we can achieve?