Tumor markers can be produced directly by the tumor or released as a result of tissue damage by the growing tumor.   Question 2 options:   True   False

What type of antibodies are indicated by a positive peripheral or rim pattern observed on an ANA test?   Question 4 options:   A)  anti-histone antibodies   B)  anti-dsDNA antibodies   C)  anti-RNP, SM, or ENA antibodies   D)  anti-RNA antibodies

What effect do restriction enzymes have on DNA? Select one: Restriction enzymes repair damaged portions of DNA. O Restriction enzymes cleave DNA at specific sequences into fragments. Restriction enzymes give a negative charge to DNA. Restriction enzymes duplicate DNA.

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins in a cell extract provides a qualitative way to compare proteins with respect to intracellular abundance. Describe a quantitative approach to determine the number of molecules of an enzyme per cell.