Trypsin cleaves polypeptide chains at the carboxyl side of a lysine or arginine residue. Chymotrypsin cleaves polypeptide chains on the carboxyl side of an aromatic amino acid residue or nonpolar, bulky side chain. Which is more specific?

Q: Draw a tripeptide only containing Alanine

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins which are composed of amino group (NH3+), carboxyl…

Q: Poly-A chain would produce what type of amino acid chain?: Is it Poly-Alanine, Poly-Arginine,…

A: Poly A tail is added to the mRNA molecule for enhancing the stability of the molecule during…

Q: Why is it important to identify the N-terminal residue(s) of a protein?

A: Protein is composed of a long chain of amino acids, which are joined by a peptide bond. These…

Q: A lysine is on the surface of a protein, near an aspartate. How does the aspartate alter the pKa of…

A: The pKa of an amino acid's side chain determines whether it is protonated (+) or deprotonated (-)…

Q: Glycosylation is a major type of protein post-translational modification. Identify the amino acid…

A: Cavalent or generally enzymatic reactions takr place after or during translation are termed as post…

Q: What is the difference between a deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) and a dideoxynucleotide…

A: dNTPs are also called deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate. Each dNTPs are made up of a phosphate group,…

Q: How do you think incorporating b-homoserine into a peptide would affect the structure and/or…

A: Homoserine, is the product of a cyanogen bromide cleavage of a peptide by degradation of methionine.…

Q: Peptide #1:  L-I-T-V Peptide #2:  C-Q-H-R Peptide #3:  E-G-E-A   Which peptide is the most basic?…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. An amino acid contains a carboxylic acid and a-amino…

Q: How many ways can four different amino acids be arranged in a peptide so that each peptide is…

A: Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups,…

Q: What do you mean by myristylated N-terminus?

A: N-myristoylation is the process in which myristic acid is attached to N-terminal glycine. It occurs…

Q: Draw the structure and give the name of a nucleotide made of adenine (A) and deoxyribose.

A: Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotide monomers that are polymerized to create long strands. The…

Q: Shown below is an internal fragment of a polypeptide. If this polypeptide were growing, onto which…

A: Biomolecules are the biological molecules that are present inside the living organisms. These…

Q: This problem concerns a "typical" tyrosine residue found on the surface of a globular protein. a) If…

A: Tyrosine (Tyr or Y) is an aromatic amino acid that can be naturally produced by the body using…

Q: Draw a diagram of the tetrapeptide Asn-Trp-Met-Ala (show all side chains and draw all peptide bonds…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. A peptide bond is formed between the carboxy…

Q: Which amino acid residue is preferred at which position in the following peptide for cleavage by…

A: Amino acids are the monomers for the formation of proteins and peptides, they contain alpha or a…

Q: Consider, for example, that a particular serine residue is phosphorylated to activate the protein.…

A: Phosphorylation can either activate or deactivate a protein. Phosphomimetics replaces amino acids in…

Q: Draw a peptide bond between Phenylalanine (c-terminus) and Isoleucine (n-terminus).

A: Amino acids are organic compounds with two functional group namely carboxyl and amino. There are 20…

Q: It is important for a protease to distinguish between two different proteins so that it only cleaves…

A: The building blocks of proteins are organic substances called amino acids. They have a side chain (R…

Q: Find the sequence for protamine and determine how many arginines it has. Based on the predicted…

A: Protamine is a peptide of usually 49 or 50 amino acids long which is used for packaging of DNA in…

Q: Why is selenocysteine called the 21st amino acid when there are many more amino acids found than the…

A: Introduction: The 21st proteinogenic amino acid is selenocysteine. It is an essential amino acid.…

Q: What do you name the binding between two amino acids?

A: An organic molecule comprised of a carboxyl and an amino group is known as amino acids. When amino…

Q: A heptapeptide that puncture the bacterial cell wall has just been recently isolated from the venom…

A: The given flowchart describes the various chemicals that the heptapeptide has been treated with and…

Q: Shown below is an internal fragment of a polypeptide. If this polypeptide were growing, onto which…

A: The incorporation of an amino acid into a protein follow specific trend with respect to the ends of…

Q: you were given an unknown peptide. Explain in detail how you would determine the amino acid sequence…

A: The amino acids that form the protein are mostly L forms. The carboxyl group of amino acids in the…

Q: Which of the following sequences represents a recognition site for N-linked glycosylation where X is…

A: N-linked glycosylation, is the attachment of an oligosaccharide,  sometimes also referred to as…

Q: How do you think incorporating a-methylserine into a peptide would affect the structure and/or…

A: proteins are made up of amino acids . amino acid polarity and peptide struture depends upon the side…

Q: Changing only the R-group on a penicillin-family antibiotic could have many consequences. Which of…

A: Penicillin (PCN) belongs to a group of antibiotics used to treat a huge range of bacterial…

Q: Give the effect of the following changes in the protein structure of hemoglobin Replacement of…

A: The red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin. The hemoglobin is made of four polypeptide…

Q: How many amino acids long is a zinc finger domain? What four conserved residues are contained in the…

A: Zinc finger are structural protein motif that has Zn ion in a coordinated bond to form a stable…

Q: Name the protein structural element shown in yellow in the figure:

A: Proteins can be defined as large biomolecules. They comprise of one or more chains of amino acids.…

Q: Consider an amino acid sequence:…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for…

Q: A polypeptide is cleaved into peptides by treatment with trypsin and cyanogen bromide, and then the…

A: Trypsin cleaves specifically peptide bonds at the C-terminal side of lysine (K) and arginine (R)…

Q: draw the structure of the tripeptife Pro-Ser-Cys as it would appear at physiological PH with its…

A: Amino acids can be polymerized to form chains. Peptide bond formation is a condensation reaction in…

Q: Write a DNA sequence that would encode the amino acid sequence…

A: In DNA, the hereditary information is contained within the nucleotides called codons that correspond…

Q: What is the sequence of amino acids coded by the following sequence of nucleotides on a strand of…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: G Which of the following amino acids is most unlikely to be present in a beta sheet? Lysine Valine…

A: Proteins show two types of secondary structural elements. They are1) Alpha helix and2) Beta sheets .…

Q: The properties of a side chain can be affected by its microenvironment, or the environment that is…

A: Pka of an Amino acid is the measure of strength of an acid . Acid with less pka value of less than…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.