True/False question 1. Game theory is the study of how optimal strategies are formed under conflict. (1) a) True. b) False. 2. The saddle point in a payoff matrix is always the largest number in its column and the smallest number in its row. (1) a) True. b) False. 3. The lower value of the game is always selected as the smallest of the largest numbers in a row. (1) a) True. b) False. 4. A pure strategy usually results in a larger outcome than a mixed strategy. (1) a) True
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- You now have 5000. You will toss a fair coin four times. Before each toss you can bet any amount of your money (including none) on the outcome of the toss. If heads comes up, you win the amount you bet. If tails comes up, you lose the amount you bet. Your goal is to reach 15,000. It turns out that you can maximize your chance of reaching 15,000 by betting either the money you have on hand or 15,000 minus the money you have on hand, whichever is smaller. Use simulation to estimate the probability that you will reach your goal with this betting strategy.A power producing company wants to purchase a natural gas futures contract. It will use the natural gas to generate electricity. The company's position in natural gas is futures position should be underlying __, so its a) long, short; b) long, long; c) short, long; d) short, shortIdentify which type of analysis best fits each of the following descriptions. Requires the use of a computer Allows for probabilities to be assigned Includes the use of break-even analysis options; SCENARIO SENSITIVITY SIMULATION
- Assume that the payoff table provides cost rather than profit payoffs. What isthe recommended decision using:i. the optimistic approachii. the conservative approachiii. the minimax regret approachiv. the Laplace methodQ1. The management of an oil company is trying to decide whether to drill for oil in a particular fieldin the Gulf of Mexico. It costs the company $600 thousand to drill in the selected field. Themanagement believes that if oil is found in this field, its estimated value will be $3400 thousand. Atpresent, this oil company believes that there is a 45% chance that the selected field actually containsoil. Before drilling, the oil company can hire a team of geologists to perform seismographic tests at acost of $55 thousand. Based on similar tests in other fields, the tests have a 25% false negative rate(no oil predicted when oil is present) and a 15% false positive rate (oil predicted when no oil ispresent).A. Assume the oil company wants to maximize its expected net earnings. Please utilize decisiontree analysis to determine its optimal strategy.B. Calculate the expected value of the information (EVI/EVSI) provided by the team ofgeologists.C. Conduct a sensitivity analysis on the chance…46. You are making several runs of a simulation model,each with a different value of some decision variable(such as the order quantity in the Walton calendarmodel), to see which decision value achieves thelargest mean profit. Is it possible that one value beatsanother simply by random luck? What can you do tominimize the chance of a “better” value losing out toa “poorer” value?
- 48- The maximum number of sales that can occur in a given period to an individual or businesses that are willing to sell in a given market is known as: a. Product demand b. Market potential c. Market demand d. All the options are correctWhich of the following statements is correct for the Black-Scholes model? A) The price of an American call written on a stock is: c = SN(d1)-Ke-rTN(d2) B) The stock price at a future point in time follows a log-normal distribution. C) The continuously compounded return on the stock follows a log-normal distribution. D) Black-Scholes prices may allow for arbitrage opportunities. Please explain and justify your choice.Consider Bruno who manages an underwriting team in an insurance firm. Recently, the management of Bruno’s firm informed him of their decision to create a new risk assessment team, consisting of data scientists with machine learning expertise, and reduce the size of Bruno’s underwriting team. Bruno’s underwriting team will now work with the new risk assessment team in order to determine whether to provide insurance to applicants Use the model of a firm’s technology choice and graphically illustrate the management’s restructuring decision in a diagram with isocost curves. Your diagram should have the amount of human intelligence on the horizontal axis and the amount of artificial intelligence on the vertical axis. Fully label your diagram. Note that there are no actual numbers given in this question: you may make them up or simply use appropriate notations. Briefly explain the key information of your diagram.
- Problem 3: Let L(x, y) be the statement “x loves y”, where the domain for both x and y consists of all people in the world. Use quantifiers to express each of the following statements.1. Everybody loves Jerry.2. Everybody loves somebody.3. There is somebody whom everybody loves.4. Nobody loves everybody.5. There is somebody whom Lydia does not love.6. There is somebody whom no one loves.7. There is exactly one person whom everybody loves.8. There are exactly two people whom Lynn loves.9. Everybody loves himself or herself.10. There is someone who loves no one besides himself or herself.Which of the following statements is correct regarding the EMH form? Select one: None of the answers are correct If the market is weak-form efficient, then it is also semistrong and strong-form efficient. If the market is semistrong form efficient, then it is also strong form efficient If a market is strong-form efficient, it is also semistrong and weak form efficient If the market is strong-form efficient, it is also semistrong but not weak-form efficientWhich of the following statements is CORRECT regarding risk and return? Group of answer choices: A stock's market risk is more relevant to an investor with a well-diversified portfolio than to an investor who holds only that one stock. It is impossible to have a situation where the market risk of a single stock is less than that of a portfolio that includes the stock. The higher the correlation between the stocks in a portfolio, the lower the risk inherent in the portfolio. An investor can eliminate virtually all market risk if he or she holds a very large and well diversified portfolio of stocks. Once a portfolio has about 40 stocks, adding additional stocks will not reduce its risk by even a small amount.