TRANSLATION: Antibiotics are drugs that are bacteriostatic or bactericidal. Both antibiotic types may be used to effectively eliminate an infection. Bacteriostatic antibiotics prevent bacterial growth and require higher dosages to eliminate the infection. Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacterial cells at lower dosages. A common cellular function that is targeted by antibiotics is the process of translation, since the ribosome and other factors involved in translation are different in prokaryotic cells versus eukaryotic cells. Thus, the antibiotic is specific only to bacteria and does not harm the host. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that blocks the enzyme, peptidyl transferase. This enzyme is responsible for forming peptide bonds between amino acids during the process of translation. Answer the following questions about chloramphenicol. a. Consider the specific role of peptidyl transferase and describe the exact point in translation that would be blocked in the presence of the antibiotic, chloramphenicol. i. Would the steps of initiation occur in the presence of chloramphenicol? Which steps? Are there steps that would not occur in initiation? If so, which ones?
TRANSLATION: Antibiotics are drugs that are bacteriostatic or bactericidal. Both antibiotic types may be used to effectively eliminate an infection. Bacteriostatic antibiotics prevent bacterial growth and require higher dosages to eliminate the infection. Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacterial cells at lower dosages. A common cellular function that is targeted by antibiotics is the process of translation, since the ribosome and other factors involved in translation are different in prokaryotic cells versus eukaryotic cells. Thus, the antibiotic is specific only to bacteria and does not harm the host. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that blocks the enzyme, peptidyl transferase. This enzyme is responsible for forming peptide bonds between amino acids during the process of translation. Answer the following questions about chloramphenicol. a. Consider the specific role of peptidyl transferase and describe the exact point in translation that would be blocked in the presence of the antibiotic, chloramphenicol. i. Would the steps of initiation occur in the presence of chloramphenicol? Which steps? Are there steps that would not occur in initiation? If so, which ones?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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2. TRANSLATION: Antibiotics are drugs that are bacteriostatic or bactericidal. Both antibiotic types may
be used to effectively eliminate an infection. Bacteriostatic antibiotics prevent bacterial growth and
require higher dosages to eliminate the infection. Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacterial cells at lower
dosages.
A common cellular function that is targeted by antibiotics is the process of translation, since the
ribosome and other factors involved in translation are different in prokaryotic cells versus eukaryotic
cells. Thus, the antibiotic is specific only to bacteria and does not harm the host. Chloramphenicol is
an antibiotic that blocks the enzyme, peptidyl transferase. This enzyme is responsible for forming
peptide bonds between amino acids during the process of translation. Answer the following questions
about chloramphenicol.
a. Consider the specific role of peptidyl transferase and describe the exact point in translation that
would be blocked in the presence of the antibiotic, chloramphenicol.
i. Would the steps of initiation occur in the presence of chloramphenicol? Which steps?
Are there steps that would not occur in initiation? If so, which ones?
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