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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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I need question 43

Transcribed Image Text:transition or transversion:
example below, what will be the result after replication if not repaired? Also note if it results i
a.
in a C.G base pair, an adenine tautomer is placed across from the cytosine during replication
D. In a T:A base pair, the adenine undergoes tautomerization prior to replication
C.
ar ukf retirn the compa
he sliding clampfree in spl
In a T:A base pair, 5-bromouracil is incorporated across from an adenine prior to replication
d. In an A:T base pair, oxoG is placed across from the A during replication
Prp oisAsocition, however
e slow if the ATP stabilized comp
Why is MutT so important? What occurs in cells lacking this enzyme?
33. How does DNA polymerase proofreading specifically recognize mispairs (by what mechanism)?
no longer in use, althous
A helicases and topoison
heir target (the sliding cl
What controls when slid
A?Loading of a sliding c
resent in the cell. These
lication, but also durin
ing clamp can only ber
rein. Sliding clamp loe
ing clamp at the sar
son the sliding clam
erase is not subject
mbly factors, Okaz
eins all interact wi
er. Thus, sliding
enzymes that inter
34. Define the roles of each in mismatch repair: MutS, MutL, and MutH, exonuclease
35. How does E. coli distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair?
disi
36. How do human cells distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair?
37. What are the steps of base excision repair? Where does the glycosylase cleave?
38. Why does the OxoG failsafe system lead to more ATDOCG than CGeD AT transversions?
39. What are the steps of nucleotide excision repair in bacteria? Why are the bacterial proteins in this
named "UV"ánd human proteins "XP?
40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to repair damage sense
RNA polymerase quickly?
A SYNTHESIS
41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Does it repair ssDN.
dsDNA?
ne replication
Itaneously. T
JA present in
NA is broker
a more diffic
repair of thi
ter 10). Th
42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are involved in searching
homologous sequences and how do they function?
43. What are the steps of nonhomologous end joining?
44. When is NHEJ used as a mechanism for DNA repair? Why is it a last resort? Does it repair ssDNA o
45. Describe the general steps needed for a cell to become cancerous.
46. How do mutations and chromosomal abnormalities affect proteins and lead to disease?
47. What role do cell cycle checkpoints have in cancer?
48. Define a tumor suppressor and
oncogene and give
49. Define the role of ATM in the cell and cancer.
an example of each.
am
NHEJ.
unigh
Which is preferred and why?
poryDNA
damage, ATM decideş/whether to activat
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- I don't know what is that picture. I need help with the nameof labelarrow_forwardim not sure how to fill this outarrow_forward3r0 degree Question 66 U UUU UUC UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG Phe AUU Lou GUU GUC GUA GUG HELP CENTER Leu Arg C UCU- UCC UCA UCG- ACU- AUC ACC AUA ACA Met or AUG Start ACG SECOND BASE CCU CCC CCA CCO -Val acu- acc Ser GCA aca Question 67 G UGU-1 UGC UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG SUGG Trp G UAU UAC Pro Thr A CAU CAC CAA CAG Ala -Tyr -His AAU- AAC- AAA- AAG GAU GAC GAA GAG -Gin Asn -Lve Lys CGU CGC CGA coa -Asp -Glu AGU AGC AGA AGG -Cys GOU GGC GGA GGG U Arg U Ic -Ser Arg Gly A U С 4 Use the chart to find the amino acid that the DNA triplet AGG codes for. Write the 3 letter abbreviation for the correct amino acid. Full thickness burn tharrow_forward
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