To make policy choices that involve gainers and losers, we need to have a restricted principle for making interpersonal utility comparisons. TRUE OR FALSE
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To make policy choices that involve gainers and losers, we need to have a restricted principle for making interpersonal utility comparisons.
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- When consumers were given the opportunity to select a package of ground beef labeled “75% lean” or a package of ground beef labeled “25% fat,” most consumers chose “75% lean.” Why? What concept from the chapter does this illustrate? The reason is that consumers are swayed by cheap talk. Cheap talk is the concept. The reason is that consumers are much more likely to choose the alternative framed as the positive option. This is called a framing effect. The reason is that consumers infer the value of a product from positive advertising. This is called inference induction. The reason is that consumers respond better to higher numbers. They feel they are getting more because 75 is greater than 25. The concept is the endowment effect.We learned that we can use choice between a gamble over someone's best and worst outcomes and getting an outcome of interest (like getting pizza) for certain as a way to assign numeric values to utility (on a scale of 0 to 1). Using this method, if you are indifferent between the following: A gamble that has a 0.3 chance of your best possible outcome (and no lower chance), and a 0.7 chance of your worst possible outcome. Getting pizza for certain. it means that your utility for getting pizza is:Peer pressure is an important influence on the behavior of youngsters. For instance, many preteens begin smoking because their friends pressure them into being “cool” by smoking. Using utility theory, how would you explain peer pressure? How would this compare with the explanations provided by behavioral economics and neuroeconomics?
- Sean is arguing with his girlfriend, Yvette. They have been going out for a little more than two years. YVETTE: I'm leaving you, Sean. Get over it. SEAN: Are you saying that being single will make you happier than you've been with me? Speaking personally, I think the utility we've had in this relationship was much more than you could have had if you'd been single this whole time! YVETTE: I had taken an economics class and the word "utility" rings a bell. It's not that at all. We've had a fine time. It's that the utility I would get by continuing our relationship isn't worth it anymore. SEAN: I've never been dumped by someone citing the law of before. You're a piece of work, you know that? Yvette doesn't hear. She has already walked off, leaving Sean feeling like something of a sunk cost.Rick thinks either Morty or Summer broke his TV. Morty and Summer each have to decide simultaneously whether to take the blame or blame the other person. If they both blame the same person (both blame Morty or both blame Summer), the person they blame gets a small punishment and utility of -2, while the blameless person gets a utility of 0. Otherwise (if they both blame the other or both blame themselves), they both get a more severe punishment and a utility of -10.Rick thinks either Morty or Summer broke his TV. Morty and Summer each have to decide simultaneously whether to take the blame or blame the other person. If they both blame the same person (both blame Morty or both blame Summer), the person they blame gets a small punishment and utility of -2, while the blameless person gets a utility of 0. Otherwise (if they both blame the other or both blame themselves), they both get a more severe punishment and a utility of -10.a. Draw the normal (matrix) form of this game, with Morty choosing the row and Summer choosing the column. Does either Morty or Summer have a dominant strategy? Explain your answer. Note: only Morty and Summerare players in this Game. Rick designed the game and is not a player. b. Find all Nash equilibria of this game. c. Suppose instead there are three suspects: Morty, Summer, and Jerry. Otherwise, the rules are the same as before. Draw the normal (matrix) form of the game. Hint: draw three matrices, with Morty choosing the…
- True or false According to the Marginal Utility Model, the body politic is healthy when it is active.Rick thinks either Morty or Summer broke his TV. Morty and Summer each have to decide simultaneously whether to take the blame or blame the other person. If they both blame the same person (both blame Morty or both blame Summer), the person they blame gets a small punishment and utility of -2, while the blameless person gets a utility of 0. Otherwise (if they both blame the other or both blame themselves), they both get a more severe punishment and a utility of -10. a.Draw the normal (matrix) form of this game, with Morty choosing the row and Summer choosing the column. Does either Morty or Summer have a dominant strategy? Explain your answer. Note: only Morty and Summer are players in this Game. Rick designed the game and is not a player. b.Find all Nash equilibria of this game. c.Suppose instead there are three suspects: Morty, Summer, and Jerry. Otherwise, the rules are the same as before. Draw the normal (matrix) form of the game. d.Find all Nash equilibria of the three-player…Rick thinks either Morty or Summer broke his TV. Morty and Summer each have to decide simultaneously whether to take the blame or blame the other person. If they both blame the same person (both blame Morty or both blame Summer), the person they blame gets a small punishment and utility of -2, while the blameless person gets a utility of 0. Otherwise (if they both blame the other or both blame themselves), they both get a more severe punishment and a utility of -10. Suppose instead there are three suspects: Morty, Summer, and Jerry. Otherwise, the rules are the same as before. Draw the normal (matrix) form of the game. Hint: draw three matrices, with Morty choosing the row, Summer choosing the column, and Jerry choosing between the three matrices
- Explain how revealed preferences indicate which goods or activities give aperson the most utility.What is the purpose of the two fields of study neuroeconomics and behavioral economics?why might people tend to be overconfident?Anon is a graduate student at Lock Haven University studying human behavior. Three subjects, Felicity, Terrance, and Lola, listed their utility for pineapple and watermelon. Anon believes he will be able to tell which subject likes pineapple the most by referring to the levels of utility each one reported. His adviser, Dr. Util, tells him his research is flawed. Explain why Dr. Util feels this way.