Thomas Malthus presented a dismal forecast for man-kind, largely due to the effects of population growth. 1. Show how the composition of output changes as a result of population growth.

Give two areas economists focus on when judging ‘economic development’.

The great 18th-century economist Adam Smith wrote,"Little else is requisite to carry a state to its highest degree of opulence from the lowest barbarism but peace, easy taxes and a tolerable administration of justice:all the rest being brought about by the natural course of things."Explain how each of the three conditions Smith describes would promote economic growth.

a. In addition to investment in physical and human capital, what other public policies might a country adopt to increase productivity? b. Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.