There are two alternative methods of representing an employee’s optional (single) phone number.  The first is to use a nullable attribute and the second is to use a weak entity.  1. Given a requirement that a large number of the employees (> 80%) are assigned a phone number, which is the preferred method and why?  2. Given a requirement that only a small number of employees (< 10%) are assigned phone numbers, which is the preferred method and why?  3. How would the requirement of ‘multiple phone numbers can be assigned to an Employee’ affect your decision?  Your answers should consider the performance tradeoff between number of database operations per query and record’s size.

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Intermediate SQL Concepts

A query is a request for data or information from one or more database tables. This information could be presented in the form of pictorials, graphs, or complicated findings which helps in easy interpretation. Structured Query Language (SQL) is the most widely used programming language for retrieving and organizing data from relational databases. Collection of tables with rows and columns is referred to as a database. SQL is the language of databases. It makes it easier to extract specific data from databases, which can then be used for analysis.