College Physics
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ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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How much energy, in megaelectron volts, would you obtain if you completely converted a nucleus of 19 nucleons into free energy?
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- An archaeologist finds some ancient jewelry made from bone. The jewelry has a carbon mass of 146 g (HINT: Assume all the carbon is 12C and determine the number of atoms, 12C has a molar mass of 12 g/mol) and careful measurements show that the remaining 14C has a current decay rate of 26 decays/s. Determine the age of the bone (and presumably the jewelry). The ratio of 14C to 12C when the animal died was 1.25×10-12 & the half-life of 14C is 5730 y. Additionally, 1 mol = 6.022×1023 particles, 1 y = 365.25 days, & 1 day = 24 h.age of bone =arrow_forwardAn Erbium-166 nucleus contains 68 protons. The atomic mass of a neutral Erbium-166 atom is 165.930u, where u = 931.5 MeV/c². In this question you may use that the mass of a proton is 938.27 MeV/c², the mass of a neutron is 939.57 MeV/e² and the mass of an electron is 0.511 MeV/c². i. Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon, giving your answer in units of MeV. ii. Electrons with an energy of 0.5 GeV are scattered off the nucleus. Estimate the scattering angle of the first minimum in the resulting diffraction pattern. iii. Briefly comment on whether or not you expect this nucleus to be spherical, and what consequence this has for excited states of the nucleus in the collective model.arrow_forwardCalculate the binding energy per nucleon of a neutral atom of phosphorous P. The mass of the phosphorous atom is 30.9738 u, the mass of a hydrogen atom H is 1.007825 u and the mass of a bare neutron is 1.008665 u.arrow_forward
- How many half-lives must elapse until (a) 77% and (b) 99 % of a radioactive sample of atoms has decayed? Part A Express your answer using two significant figures. ΜΕ ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Part B Express your answer using two significant figures. ΕΕ ΑΣΦ ? ?arrow_forwardRadioactive element AA can decay to either element BB or element CC.The decay depends on chance, but the ratio of the resulting number of BB atoms to the resulting number of CC atoms is always 2/1.The decay has a half-life of 8.00 days.We start with a sample of pure AA. How long must we wait until the number of CC atoms is 1.50 times the number of AAatoms?arrow_forwardA nucleus of copper has an atomic mass of 64.93 u (with Z=29 and A=65). Considering that the mass of a neutron and a proton are respectively 1.00866 u and 1.00728 u. What is the total binding energy of that nucleus? (Expressed in MeV)arrow_forward
- What is the mass of 25.0 mCi of technetium-99m (Tc99m)Tc99m , which has a half-life of 6.00 h?arrow_forwardOne method for determining the age of ancient objects is by radiocarbon dating. Natural processes convert nitrogen to Carbon-14, a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 5730 years. When they are alive, animals assimilate Carbon-14 through the food chain. When an animal dies, it stops replacing its carbon and the amount of Carbon-14 decays exponentially. (a) Suppose the minimum detectable amount is 0.1% of the initial amount. What is the maximum age of a fossil that we could date using Carbon-14? (b) Suppose we wanted to date a fossil that was potentially 70 million years old. A radioactive isotope with what half-life would be required?arrow_forwardScientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The bombardment of the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays converts nitrogen to a radioactive isotope of carbon, 14C, with a half-life of about 5730 years. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide through the atmosphere and animal life assimilates ¹4C through food chains. When a plant or animal dies, it stops replacing its carbon and the amount of 14C begins to decrease through radioactive decay. Therefore the level of radioactivity must also decay exponentially. A parchment fragment was discovered that had about 75% as much 14C radioactivity as does plant material on earth today. Estimate the age of the parchment. (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.) yr Need Help? Watch It Additional Materials THERarrow_forward
- A group of geochemists have been analyzing a sample of radioactive material. After plotting ln(a) versus t, they calculate a slope value of -1.00·10−9 s−1. Determine the half-life of this material in years.arrow_forwardThe rest mass of a proton is 1.0072764666 u and that of a neutron is 1.0086649158 u. The "He nucleus weighs 4.002602 u. Calculate the total binding energy of the nucleus.arrow_forwardThe unified atomic mass unit, denoted u, is defined to be 1 u = 1.6605 × 10^-27 kg. It can be used as an approximation for the average mass of a nucleon in a nucleus, taking the binding energy into account. How much energy, in megaelectron volts, would you obtain if you completely converted a nucleus of 9 nucleons into free energy?arrow_forward
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