The stock of Gao Computing sells for $55, and last year's dividend was $2.10. A flotation cost of 10% would be required to issue new common stock. Gao's preferred stock pays a dividend of $3.30 per share, and new preferred could be sold at a price to net the company $30 per share. Security analysts are projecting that the common dividend will grow at a rate of 7% a year. The firm can also issue additional long-term debt at an interest rate (or before-tax cost) of 10%, and its marginal tax rate is 35%. The market risk premium is 6 %, the risk-free rate is 6.5%, and Gao's beta is 0.83. In its cost of capital calculations, Gao uses a target capital structure with a 45% debt, 5% preferred stock, and 50% common equity. a.) Calculate the cost of each capital component (that is, the after-tax cost of debt), the cost of preferred stock(including flotation costs), and the cost of equity (ignoring flotation costs) with the DCF method and the CAPM method. b.) Calculate the cost of new stock using the DCF model. c.) What is the cost of new common stock, based on the CAMP? (Hint: Find the difference between Ke & Ks as determined by the DCF method and add that differential to the CAPM value for Ks.) d.) Assuming that Gao will not issue new equity and will continue to use the same target capital structure, what is the company's WACC? e.) Suppose Gao is evaluating three projects with the following characteristics: (1) Each project has a cost of $1 million. They will all be financed using the target mix of long-term debt, preferred stock, and common equity. The cost of the common equity for each project should be based on the beta estimated for the project. All equity will come from retained earnings. (2) Equity invested in Project A would have a beta of 0.5 and an expected return of 9.0%. (3) Equity invested in Project B would have a beta of 1.0 and an expected return of 10.0 %. (4) Equity invested in Project C would have a beta of 2.0 and an expected return of 11.0%. F. Analyze the company's situation and explain why each project should be accepted or rejected.
Cost of Capital
Shareholders and investors who invest into the capital of the firm desire to have a suitable return on their investment funding. The cost of capital reflects what shareholders expect. It is a discount rate for converting expected cash flow into present cash flow.
Capital Structure
Capital structure is the combination of debt and equity employed by an organization in order to take care of its operations. It is an important concept in corporate finance and is expressed in the form of a debt-equity ratio.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital is a tool used for calculating the cost of capital for a firm wherein proportional weightage is assigned to each category of capital. It can also be defined as the average amount that a firm needs to pay its stakeholders and for its security to finance the assets. The most commonly used sources of capital include common stocks, bonds, long-term debts, etc. The increase in weighted average cost of capital is an indicator of a decrease in the valuation of a firm and an increase in its risk.
The stock of Gao Computing sells for $55, and last year's dividend was $2.10. A flotation cost of 10% would be required to issue new common stock. Gao's preferred stock pays a dividend of $3.30 per share, and new preferred could be sold at a price to net the company $30 per share. Security analysts are projecting that the common dividend will grow at a rate of 7% a year. The firm can also issue additional long-term debt at an interest rate (or before-tax cost) of 10%, and its marginal tax rate is 35%. The market risk premium is 6 %, the risk-free rate is 6.5%, and Gao's beta is 0.83. In its cost of capital calculations, Gao uses a target capital structure with a 45% debt, 5% preferred stock, and 50% common equity.
a.) Calculate the cost of each capital component (that is, the after-tax cost of debt), the cost of preferred stock(including flotation costs), and the
b.) Calculate the cost of new stock using the DCF model.
c.) What is the cost of new common stock, based on the CAMP? (Hint: Find the difference between Ke & Ks as determined by the DCF method and add that differential to the CAPM value for Ks.)
d.) Assuming that Gao will not issue new equity and will continue to use the same target capital structure, what is the company's WACC?
e.) Suppose Gao is evaluating three projects with the following characteristics:
(1) Each project has a cost of $1 million. They will all be financed using the target mix of long-term debt, preferred stock, and common equity. The cost of the common equity for each project should be based on the beta estimated for the project. All equity will come from
(2) Equity invested in Project A would have a beta of 0.5 and an expected return of 9.0%.
(3) Equity invested in Project B would have a beta of 1.0 and an expected return of 10.0 %.
(4) Equity invested in Project C would have a beta of 2.0 and an expected return of 11.0%.
F. Analyze the company's situation and explain why each project should be accepted or rejected.
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