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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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I need question 31
![The Replication of DNA
283
31. In each example below, what will be the result after replication if not repaired? Also note if it results in a
transition or transversion:
In a C:G base pair, an adenine tautomer is placed across from the cytosine during replication
b. In a T:A base pair, the adenine undergoes tautomerization prior to replication
In a T:A base pair, 5-bromouracil is incorporated across from an adenine prior to replication
d. In an A:T base pair, oxoG is placed across from the A during replication
a.
C.
Why is MutT so important? What occurs in cells lacking this enzyme?
33. How does DNA polymerase proofreading specifically recognize mispairs (by what mechanism)?
34. Define the roles of each in mismatch repair: MutS, MutL, and MutH, exonuclease
35. How does E. coli distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair?
36. How do human cells distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair?
37. What are the steps of base excision repair? Where does the glycosylase cleave?
38. Why does the OxoG failsafe system lead to more ATEDOCG than CGDOAT transversions?
39. What are the steps of nucleotide excision repair in bacteria? Why are the bacterial proteins in this pathway
named "UV" and human proteins "XP?
40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to repair damage sensed by
RNA polymerase quickly?
41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Does it repair SSDNA or
dsDNA?
42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are involved in searching for
homologous sequences and how do they function?](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/592e6047-2805-4e11-9c9b-f1ed5686081a/933b25da-8f49-4d85-976d-78cb608b1465/vlobwce.jpeg)
Transcribed Image Text:The Replication of DNA
283
31. In each example below, what will be the result after replication if not repaired? Also note if it results in a
transition or transversion:
In a C:G base pair, an adenine tautomer is placed across from the cytosine during replication
b. In a T:A base pair, the adenine undergoes tautomerization prior to replication
In a T:A base pair, 5-bromouracil is incorporated across from an adenine prior to replication
d. In an A:T base pair, oxoG is placed across from the A during replication
a.
C.
Why is MutT so important? What occurs in cells lacking this enzyme?
33. How does DNA polymerase proofreading specifically recognize mispairs (by what mechanism)?
34. Define the roles of each in mismatch repair: MutS, MutL, and MutH, exonuclease
35. How does E. coli distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair?
36. How do human cells distinguish between the old and new strand for mismatch repair?
37. What are the steps of base excision repair? Where does the glycosylase cleave?
38. Why does the OxoG failsafe system lead to more ATEDOCG than CGDOAT transversions?
39. What are the steps of nucleotide excision repair in bacteria? Why are the bacterial proteins in this pathway
named "UV" and human proteins "XP?
40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to repair damage sensed by
RNA polymerase quickly?
41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Does it repair SSDNA or
dsDNA?
42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are involved in searching for
homologous sequences and how do they function?
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