The renal H+/K+ ATPase pump helps maintain H+ and K+ balance.  In acidosis, does it excrete or reabsorb H+? does it excrete or reabsorb K+?

One reason that the osmolarity becomes higher at the bottom part of the loop of Henle is because A) aquaporins are present on the ascending loop of Henle B) aquaporins are present on the descending loop of Henle C) there is no salt gradient within the renal medulla D) Na+ and Cl- ions diffuse out of the descending loop of Henle

In healthy adult ,the initial filtrate in kidney is about what?

A physician calls the laboratory and asks what lab tests should be requested to assess the acid-base balance function of a patient's renal system. You reply: 1)  Serum rennin and erythropoietin 2)  Serum creatinine, serum urea, serum uric acid, and creatinine clearance 3)  Serum bilirubin (conjugated and total), urine urobilinogen 4)  Serum bicarbonate and blood pH no references, just homework