The primrose, Primula kewensis, has 36 chromosomes that are similar in appearance to the chromosomes in two related species, P. floribunda (2n = 18) and P. verticillata (2n = 18). How could P. kewensis arise from these species? How would you describe P. kewensis in genetic terms?

A diploid species has 3 pairs of chromosomes in its somatic cells. In males, the first pair is large submetacentric[1]; the second is medium acrocentric[2], and the third is small telocentric[3].  In females, the first two pairs are like those of the males while the third is large metacentric[4][5], with satellite4 Illustrate the karyograms (drawing/picture of the chromosome) of the following:   A triploid cell in females         tetrasomic cell in males         tetraploid cell in females     [1] submetacentric --centrosome is just above the middle of the chromosome  [2] acrocentric --centrosome is much higher location than submetacentric  so that the “p” arm of the chromosome is much shorter than the q arm [3] telocentric --the centromere is at the end of the chromosome [4] metacentric --centrosome is in the middle of the chromosome; thus the “p-arm” and the “q-arm” or both arms of the chromosome are equal in length [5] satellite-a constriction in an arm of a chromosome, aside…

For part c, do they consider the total sex chromosomes to be 2 or 3?

Species I has 2 n = 8 chromosomes and species II has 2 n = 14 chromosomes. What would the expected chromosome numbers be in individuals with the following chromosome mutations? Give all possible answers. Q. Autotetraploidy in species II