the p.d. across each resistor, and (c) the terminal p.d.
KVL and KCL
KVL stands for Kirchhoff voltage law. KVL states that the total voltage drops around the loop in any closed electric circuit is equal to the sum of total voltage drop in the same closed loop.
Sign Convention
Science and technology incorporate some ideas and techniques of their own to understand a system skilfully and easily. These techniques are called conventions. For example: Sign conventions of mirrors are used to understand the phenomenon of reflection and refraction in an easier way.
As shown in Fig. 28-2(a), a battery (internal resistance 1 ) is connected in series with two resistors. Compute (a) the current in the circuit, (b) the p.d. across each resistor, and (c) the terminal p.d. of the battery.
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