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- Experiment: In this activity yo Page 5 ze the results of experiments that investigate nutritional requirement of several mutant strains of yeast. The mutations in these strains cause a nutritional requirement for an amino acid, such that the strains will not grow in media that lack one specific amino acid. Any mutant that has a nutritional requirement is called an auxotroph, and is incapable of growing in a "minimal medium" containing only a carbon source (e.g., glucose), a simple nitrogen source (e.g., ammonium sulfate), and various salts and minerals. Such strains can be supported on a medium supplemented with only the missing nutrient or on a "rich" medium that contains amino acids, vitamins, nitrogenous bases, etc. (often in the form of an extract from yeast). The wild-type individual that can synthesize the metabolic component is a prototroph, and is capable of growth on minimal medium. The mutant strains in this activity are unable to synthesize tryptophan, lysine, or histidine;…Density-dependent inhibition" is explained by which of the following Oa. as cells become more numerous, they begin to squeere against each other, restricting their size and ability to produce control factors Ob as cells become more numerous, the amount of required growth factors and nutrients per cell becomes insufficient to allow for cel growth Oc as cells become more numerous, the protein kinases they produce begin to compete with each other, such that the proteins produced by on e cell essentially cancel those produced by its neighbor O d. as cells become more numerous, more and more of them enter the S phase of the cell cycle Oe as cells become more numerous, the level of waste products increases, eventually slowing down metabolism.https://nj.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/nsn08.sci.life.stru.stemcell2/stem-cells-breakthrough/ Describe the 4 different types of stem cells. (Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, IPS)
- in term of signal transduction how cell cycle/division is controlled?? ((while you are answerig plz write the refrence.))One example of innovation from an unexpected source came from the study of tumor-like plant growths caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. What information did the study of the plant tumors provide that was critical for plant genetic engineering? O learning that metastasis is critical for tumor progression Olearning how A. tumefaciens uses plant pathways to synthesize beta carotene Oknowledge of plant tumor suppressor genes and their role in tumor development Othe ability of A. tumefaciens to integrate its genes into the plant genome25) In biomaterials design enginnering the surface properties effect the biological interactions (TRUE/FALSE) Chemotaxis Production of ECM Migration of the cells Composition of ECM Responsiveness to extracellular signaling 26) The principal functions of the ECM are ; EXCEPT a) Mechanical support for cell anchorage b) Cell proliferation c) Regulates and determine cells dynamic behaviour: d) Scaffolding for orderly tissue renewal
- The cell-cycle control system is based on a connected series of biochemical switches which possess many important features that increase the accuracy and reliability of cell-cycle progression. DiscussCancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. Question: What is the importance and advanatge of detecting Cancer stem cells (CSCs)? Please explain in details with your own words. Thank you.In this activity you will analyze the results of experiments that investigate nutritional requirement of several mutant strains of yeast. The mutations in these strains cause a nutritional requirement for an amino acid, such that the strains will not grow in media that lack one specific amino acid. Any mutant that has a nutritional requirement is called an auxotroph, and is incapable of growing in a "minimal medium" containing only a carbon source (e.g., glucose), a simple nitrogen source (e.g., ammonium sulfate), and various salts and minerals. Such strains can be supported on a medium supplemented with only the missing nutrient or on a "rich" medium that contains amino acids, vitamins, nitrogenous bases, etc. (often in the form of an extract from yeast). The wild-type individual that can synthesize the metabolic component is a prototroph, and is capable of growth on minimal medium. The mutant strains in this activity are unable to synthesize tryptophan, lysine, or histidine; one…
- It is not an easy matter to assign particular func-tions to specific components of the basal lamina, sincethe overall structure is a complicated composite materialwith both mechanical and signaling properties. Nidogen,for example, cross-links two central components of thebasal lamina by binding to the laminin γ-1 chain and totype IV collagen. Given such a key role, it was surprisingthat mice with a homozygous knockout of the gene fornidogen-1 were entirely healthy, with no abnormal phe-notype. Similarly, mice homozygous for a knockout of thegene for nidogen-2 also appeared completely normal. Bycontrast, mice that were homozygous for a defined muta-tion in the gene for laminin γ-1, which eliminated just thebinding site for nidogen, died at birth with severe defectsin lung and kidney formation. The mutant portion of thelaminin γ-1 chain is thought to have no other functionthan to bind nidogen, and does not affect laminin struc-ture or its ability to assemble into the basal lamina.…Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs. Question: What is the importance and advanatge of detecting CSCs? Please explain in detailCellular reprogramming and induced pluripotent stem cells have allowed scientists to model various diseases and screen drugs in these in vitro models. Cancer is modeled through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Please explain the questions in detail (Especially 2nd and 3rd question please, thank you):1) why is it important to model such a disease(cancer)?2) what were the key findings after modeling such a disease (cancer)? 3) a drug that has been screened in this disease model (cancer). Explain in detail the main findings.