The northern hairy-nosed wombat has experienced historical population declines, though population have stabilized recently due to conservation efforts. While studying them researchers noticed the following fluctuations in (effective) population size: Year 1: 100 individuals Year 2: 90 individuals Year 3: 50 individuals Year 4: 75 individuals Year 5: 90 individuals Year 6: 95 individuals A. Given this information what is the long-term effective population size of this particular population over the six years? B. Assume that at the start of the study the researchers determined heterozygosity for this population to be 0.63 at microsatellite loci. What would you expect the heterozygosity to be at the end of the six years? (Answer part B)

Assume that for a given population of moose, the per-capita birth rate remains constant with population size. However, as the moose population size increases there is a linear increase in the probability of starvation and subsequent mortality due to intraspecific competition. a) On a single graph, draw the relationship between moose density and the per capita birth and death rates for this population. b) Assume that the population does not experience competition from other species, nor predation. Write out the equation that would best be used to describe the change in population growth from one time interval to another.

Water wisteria is an aquatic plant that is easy to care for and reproduces very quickly. A small man-made pond of 350 L contains 100 water wisteria plants. 20 new plants are introduced daily to the pond, while 75 plants are taken out once a week to be sold at local pet shops.    a.  What is the overall population change in a two-week period?  Express your answer rounded to the nearest whole number.

Population growth is exponential for the human population. It is an example of a positive feedback cycle where with each child born, the potential number of parents increases in the future. What is the most logical conclusion as to when the human population will reach its carrying capacity? A.  When a regulating factor exists that keeps the population at equilibrium B. When feedback mechanisms kick in and population growth declines below carrying capacity  C.  When equilibirum is reached D. When density-dependent factors come into play and population levels start to decline ❌

Previous question: (Assume that for a given population of moose, the per-capita birth rate remains constant with population size. However, as the moose population size increases there is a linear increase in the probability of starvation and subsequent mortality due to intraspecific competition.) Assume that the population (from the previous question) does not experience competition from other species, nor predation. Write out the equation that would best be used to describe the change in population growth from one time interval to another.

On the mystical island of Lumina, researchers discover the elusive Glowfinch, a bird with radiant feathers that glow in the dark. During a mark-recapture study, 50 Glowfinches are marked with luminescent bands and released. In the second capture, 100 Glowfinches are caught, and 20 of them are found to still shimmer brightly. What is the estimated population size (N) of Glowfinches on Lumina? 0160 250 500 130 O100 200 13

explain how the population would respond in the following scenarios. a. The snowy owls' environment has been warming slowly over the last 70 years. The forests do not stay as snow-covered throughout the year. The owls have a harder time hiding from their prey for a few months out of the year. There is a mutation that allows the owls' feathers to change to brown during the warmer months. c. The snowy owls' environment is warming up very quickly and going from very frigid temperatures to very warm. This change is happening so quickly that the snowy owls are too visible to their prey since there is less snow. They have started having a hard time finding food and many are starving. The warmth has also messed up their migration/breeding patterns.

The Spotted Lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) is endemic to China and was first identified in the United States in 2014 in Pennsylvania. It was found in New York in 2020. According to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) it poses a significant threat to our agricultural industry, negatively impacts outdoor recreation, and may impact forest health. Draw a graph of how you expect this population to grow in New York State given that there are few predators and ample fruit trees and other host trees (see more information on the USDA page). On your graph annotate and justify your predictions about population growth changes.

Two winters ago, a species of bird called the pine siskin began appearing in droves at backyard bird feeders in my hometown. We would occasionally spot a few each winter, but numbers were unusually high that year. The next winter, it seemed as if all of the "extra" pine siskins had disappeared. Numbers fell back to the levels that we were used to seeing. Use the concept of carrying capacity to explain the irruption of pine siskins described in the scenario. Provide your answer in a standard paragraph using complete sentences

Vicuña are ungulate herbivores related to llamas that occupy high mountain grasslands in the Andes. They are valued for their wool. Overhunting led to global population declines from millions in the 1500s to thousands in the mid 1900s.Lauca National Park was established in Chile in 1970 and banned hunting of vicuña. Researchers used census data (solid circles) to fit the population dynamics, and evaluated two models: one in which the carrying capacity was fixed over time (“Logistic Constant K”, dashed line), and one in which the carrying capacity could vary over time (“Logistic Variable K”, solid line). See attached image What type of factor is rainfall in regulating vicuña population growth? A. Density-independent; Bottom-up B. Density-independent; Top-down C. Density-dependent; Bottom-up D. Density-dependent; Top-down