The mechanism involves the following 5 steps: 1. Abstraction of a proton to form enolate anion 1; 2. Formation of a cyclopropanone intermediate 2 with expulsion of chloride ion; 3. Addition of hydroxide ion to form tetrahedral intermediate 3; 4. Collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate and breakage of the three-membered ring to form carbanion intermediate 4; 5. Proton transfer to form the rearranged carboxylic acid. For the following reaction, draw the reaction out on paper and then draw the structure of cyclopropanone intermediate 2 in the window. CO₂H & 8 base . You do not have to consider stereochemistry. . You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. . Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. . Do not include counter-ions, e.g., Na", 1", in your answer.

4. Write the reagents and steps needed to perform the following synthesis (multiple steps may be needed). NH₂ COOH

Fill in the blanks in the following reaction scheme. OH 1) MCPBA NaNH, 1) NaOH 2) H₂O+ 1) TMS-Cl in TEA CI OH Major Product 1)Trimethylsilyl chloride Triethylamine

18) The following reaction undergoes three distinct steps: imine formation, electrophilic aromatic substitution, and decarboxylation. Draw each of the intermediates from each of these three steps as well as the final product. BS NH₂ OH heat

This is the structure of xylan given, is the mechanism still the same (would there be two hydrolysis steps)?

Tamoxifen is a drug used to prevent and treat breast cancer. What are all the possible metabolic reactions for this drug? Aromatic hydroxylation Epoxidation ON-dealkylation Benzylic hydroxylation O Epoxidation followed by epoxide hydrolysis

Prostaglandins are a class of cicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20- carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Rate of formation of PGG2 with 10 mg/ml ibuprofen (mM/min) Arachidonic acid (mM) Rate of formation of PGG2 (mM/min) 0.190 12.3 0.228 13.9 0.342 17.5 0.570 1.33 22.2 28.8 7.71 8.88 11.9 16.3 24.0 The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusing here on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme. Vmax = Km mM/min mM

how to synthesize 2-phenylclohexanone from cyclohexanone?

1. NaOEt CO₂Et 2. H3O+ 3. heat Br H3C CO₂H CO2 H3C CO₂Et The malonic ester synthesis is a carbonyl alkylation reaction. It is used to prepare carboxylic acids from primary alkyl halides, lengthening the carbon chain by two atoms. Thus, the product can be visualized as being a "substituted acetic acid." The reaction consists of three steps: generation of the enolate anion followed by SN2 reaction with a primary alkyl halide, ester hydrolysis under acid conditions, and decarboxylation. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions 22 CX EtO₂C EtO₂C HOCH2CH3 HOCH2CH3 EtO₂C EtO₂C

What is the major product when benzene reacts with Acetyl Chloride in AICI3 ?