The L-shaped gate shown in the figure is designed such that when water reaches a certain design depth, h, it will automatically open by overturning clockwise. Counterclockwise rotation beyond the initial position is prevented by a stopper located at the end of the horizontal leg of the gate. The center of gravity of the gate is located a few centimeters to the right of O. Which of the following statements is FALSE? Water 1.5 m Select one: O a. At low values of depth, the gate may overturn due to the moment caused by the weight of the gate O b. The pressure distribution on the vertical side of the gate is trapezoidal O c. When the design depth, h, is reached, the gate will overturn due to the moment caused by hydrostatic force on the vertical side O d. The pressure distribution on the horizontal side of the gate is constant

(a) Compare the resultant force acting on the gate if we change the shape of the gate from a triangle to an equivalent circle. (b) Compare the line of actions, as well. The initial location of the 0.7-m-high and 0.7-m- wide triangular gate is shown in the figure below. 0.9 m Water 0.3 m B 0.7 m 0.7 m

The tank shown has one curved surface restraining a body of static fluid with 3.55 kPa air pressure above the fluid and sg = 0.88, with the following dimensions: w = 5.50 m h1 = 2.1 m D1 = 0.85 m Required Compute the magnitude of the resultant force, in kN, to the nearest 100th. Fluid sg = given hl D1

Quiz 1 Q1: A reducing elbow is used to deflect water flow at a rate of 25 kg/s in a horizontal pipe upward by an angle of 45° from the flow direction while accelerating it. The elbow discharges water into the atmosphere. The diameter of pipe is 150 mm at the inlet and 30 mm at the exit. The elevation difference between the centers of the exit and the inlet is 40 cm. The volume of the water in bend is 0.053 m³. Determine the resultant force exerted on bend. 30 mm 150 mm 40 cm 45° Water Q2: Water is siphoned from a large tank and discharges into the atmosphere through a 2-in.- diameter tube as shown in Fig. The end of the tube is 3 ft below the tank bottom, and viscous effects are negligible. (a) Determine the volume flowrate from the tank. (b) Determine the maximum height, H, over which the water can be siphoned without cavitation occurring. Atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psia, and the water vapor pressure is 0.26 psia H 2-in. diameter 10 ft 4 ft D