The following payoff matrix shows the various profit outcomes for 3 projects, A, B, and C, under 2 possible states of nature: the product price is $15 or the product price is $25.ProfitProjectAP= $1560B-28C40Using the maximax rule, the decision maker would choose...Multiple ChoiceA.B.P = $2580160100impossible to say from the information given

A criterion used in decision-making that seeks to maximize the highest potential payoff is called…

Answered: The following payoff matrix shows the…

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter9: Decision Making Under Uncertainty

Section9.4: The Precision Tree Add-in

Problem 9P

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c. From the following decision tree, develop a payoff table and calculate: * Maximax, Minimax regret, Maximin, and EMV. ORs. 50,000 Good conditions (0.60) Poor conditions (0.40) -O Rs. 30,000 Apartment Building Good conditions (0.60) O Rs. 100,000 Office building Poor conditions (0.40) Purchase ORs -40,000 Warchouse Good conditions (0.60) Rs.30, 000 Poor conditions (0.40) O Rs. 10,000
A payoff table is given as: S1 S2 S3 D1 250 750 500 D2 300 -250 1200 D3 500 500 600 (a) What choice should be made by the optimistic decision maker? (b) What choice should be made by the conservative decision maker? (c) What decision should be made under minimal regret? (d) If the probabilities of d1, d2, and d3 are .2, .5, and .3, respectively, then what choice should be made under expected value?
A. A company wants to produce a souvenir with a marketing life of six months. Uncertainty surrounds the likely sales volume as well as the fixed costs of the venture as shown below: Sales units Probability Contrn. /unit Probability Fixed cost K7 K5 100 000 0.3 80 000 0.6 60 000 0.1 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 Determine the expected value of the contribution K400 000 K450 000 K500 000 Probability 0.2 0.5 0.3 1.0
A decision maker has prepared the following payoff table. States of Nature Alternative High Low Buy 75 -10 Rent 70 30 Lease 50 35 Prior Probability 0.5 0.5 Using Baye's Decision Rule, what is the best decision and the expected payoff? (Round your answer to 1 decimal place.) Best decision Рayof
Exhibit 20-2Below is a payoff table involving three states of nature and two decision alternatives. Decision States of Nature Alternative s1 s2 s3 A 80 45 –20 B 40 50 15 P(s1) = .1, P(s2) = .6, and P(s3) = .3.Refer to Exhibit 20-2. The expected value of the best alternative equals _____. a. 12 b. 38.5 c. 29 d. 105
20. The Video Game Supply Company (VGS) is deciding whether to set next year's production at 2000, 2500, or 3000 games. Demand could be low, medium, or high. Using historical data, VGS estimates the probabilities as: 0.4 for low demand, 0.3 for medium demand, and 0.3 for high demand. The following profit payoff table (in $100s) has been developed. Demand Production Target Low Medium High 2000 games 2500 games 3000 games 1000 1200 1400 800 1500 1300 600 1700 1400 (a) [1] What is the maximax decision alternative? (b) [1] What is the maximin decision alternative? (c) [2] Determine the expected value of each alternative and indicate what should be the production target for next year based on expected value. (d) [1] Determine the expected value with perfect information about the states of nature. (e) [1] Determine the expected value of perfect information.
Option 2: Raise prices by 50%. If this occurs, there is a 75% chance that an Entrepreneur will set up in competition this year. The board’s estimate of its annual profit in this situation would be as follows: 2A: With new competitor 2B: Without new competitor Probability Profit (Sh.) Probability Profit (Sh.) 0.25 150,000 0.5 200,000 0.5 120,000 0.3 150,000 0.25 80,000 0.2 100,000 Option 3: Expand the car park quickly at a cost of Sh. 50,000 keeping prices theSame. The profits are then estimated to be like 2B above, except that the probabilities would be 0.6, 0.3 and 0.1 respectively. Required: Draw a decision tree for the above problem, including all the relevant data. Using expected values analyze the decision tree and recommend the best option to the owners of the car park.
A company wants to produce a souvenir with a marketing life of sixmonths. Uncertainty surrounds the likely sales volume as well as thefixed costs of the venture as shown below:Sales units Probability Contrn. /unit Probability Fixed cost Probability100 000 0.3 K 7 0.5 K400 000 0.2 Page 5 of 80 000 0.6 K 5 0.5 K450 000 0.560 000 0.1 K500 000 0.31.0 1.0 1.0 Determine the expected value of the contribution
Payoff Table Decision Alternatives Demand Low Medium High Small, d1 400 500 600 Medium, d2 100 600 800 Large, d3 -300 400 1200 1). If nothing is known about the demand probabilities, what are the recommended decision using the Maximax (optimistic), Maximin (pessimistic) and Equally Likely? 2). If P(low) = 0.20, P(medium) = 0.35, and P(high) = 0.45. What is the recommended decision using the expected monetary value approach? 3). What is the expected value of perfect information (EVPI)?
The Gorman Manufacturing Company must decide whether to manufacture a component part at its Milan, Michigan, plant or purchase the component part from a supplier. The resulting profit is dependent on the demand for the product. The following payoff table shows the projected profit (in thousands of dollars): State of Nature Low Demand Medium Demand High Demand Decision Alternative s 1 s 2 s 3 Manufacture, d 1 -20 40 100 Purchase, d 2 10 45 70 The state-of-nature probabilities are P(s1) = 0.25, P(s2) = 0.25, and P(s3) = 0.50 (a) Use a decision tree to recommend a decision. (b) Use EVPI to determine whether Gorman should attempt to obtain a better estimate of demand. Enter your answer in thousands dollars. For example, an answer of $200 thousands should be entered as 200,000. Gorman attempt to obtain a better estimate of demand, as the additional information could be worth up to $ for Gorman. (c) A test market study of the potential…
Consider the following payoff (cost) table with probabilities for each state of nature (s) Decisions D1 D2 0.1 s1 3 state of nature 1-0.1 s2 17 20 The expected value for the best (optimal) decision is
The yearly demand for a seasonal, profitable item follows the distribution: Demand (units) Probability 1,000 20 2,000 30 3,000 40 4,000 10 A manufacturer is considering launching a project to produce this item and could produce it by one of three methods: A. (10%). Use existing tools at a cost of S6 per unit. B. (10%). Buy cheap, special equipment for $1,000. The value of the equipment at the end of the year (salvage value) is zero. The cost would be reduced to $3 per unit. C. (10%). Buy high-quality, special equipment for $10,000 that can be depreciated over four years (one fourth of the cost each year). The cost with this equipment would be only S2 per unit. Set up this project as a decision tree to find whether the manufacturer should approve this project, and if so, which method of production to use to maximize profit. Hint: Compare total annual costs. Assume that production must meet all demand; each unit demanded and sold means more profit.

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