ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Paideia.The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the
equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150.
Suppose the federal government of Paideia has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the
tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that half the tax is collected from each party).
Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per
hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars
per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the
Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph.
Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly.
WAGE (Dollars per hour)
20
18
16
14
0
0
4
Levied on
Employers
(Dollars per hour)
0
2
Supply
Tax Proposal
Demand
30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300
LABOR (Number of workers)
D-Tax
Levied on
Workers
(Dollars per
hour)
0
4
2
Graph Input Tool
Market for Laboratory Aides
90
Wage
(Dollars per hour)
Labor Demanded
(Number of workers)
Demand Shifter
Tax Levied on
Employers
(Dollars per hour)
Quantity Hired
(Number of
workers)
For each of the proposals, use the previous graph to determine the new number of laboratory aides hired. Then compute the after-tax amount paid
by employers (that is, the wage paid to workers plus any taxes collected from the employers) and the after-tax amount earned by laboratory aides
(that is, the wage received by workers minus any taxes collected from the workers).
0
186
O The proposal in which the entire tax is collected from workers
O The proposal in which the tax is collected from each side evenly
O The proposal in which the tax is collected from employers
O None of the proposals is better than the others
4
Labor Supplied
(Number of workers)
Supply Shifter
Tax Levied on
Workers
(Dollars per hour)
After-Tax Wage Paid by
Employers
(Dollars per hour)
?
90
0
After-Tax Wage Received by
Workers
(Dollars per hour)
Suppose the government doesn't want to discourage employers from hiring laboratory aides and, therefore, wants to minimize the share of the tax
paid by the employers. Of the three tax proposals, which is best for accomplishing this goal?
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Transcribed Image Text:The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Paideia.The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150. Suppose the federal government of Paideia has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that half the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 18 16 14 0 0 4 Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 0 2 Supply Tax Proposal Demand 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 LABOR (Number of workers) D-Tax Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) 0 4 2 Graph Input Tool Market for Laboratory Aides 90 Wage (Dollars per hour) Labor Demanded (Number of workers) Demand Shifter Tax Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) Quantity Hired (Number of workers) For each of the proposals, use the previous graph to determine the new number of laboratory aides hired. Then compute the after-tax amount paid by employers (that is, the wage paid to workers plus any taxes collected from the employers) and the after-tax amount earned by laboratory aides (that is, the wage received by workers minus any taxes collected from the workers). 0 186 O The proposal in which the entire tax is collected from workers O The proposal in which the tax is collected from each side evenly O The proposal in which the tax is collected from employers O None of the proposals is better than the others 4 Labor Supplied (Number of workers) Supply Shifter Tax Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) After-Tax Wage Paid by Employers (Dollars per hour) ? 90 0 After-Tax Wage Received by Workers (Dollars per hour) Suppose the government doesn't want to discourage employers from hiring laboratory aides and, therefore, wants to minimize the share of the tax paid by the employers. Of the three tax proposals, which is best for accomplishing this goal?
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