The flexural tensile strength of M25 grade of concrete, in N/mm², as per IS:456-2000 is A 0.5 B 5 C 2.25 D 3.5

Concrete is required for a column that will be Severe exposed to freezing and thawing. The cross section of the column is 300 × 300 mm. The smallest spacing between reinforcing steel is 30 mm. The Required Average Compressive Strength of concrete at 28 days is 35 MPa with a slump of 80 to 100 mm. The properties of materials are as follows: ❖ Cement used is type I Portland cement with a specific gravity of 3.15. ◆ The available coarse aggregate has a maximum size of 23 mm, a dry-rodded unit weight of 1800 kg/m3, a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.7, absorption capacity of 0.55%, and moisture content (SSD) of 0.25%. The fine aggregate has a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.75, absorption capacity of 1.4%, a moisture content (SSD) of 2.5%, and a fineness modulus of 2.70. The aggregates conform to the ASTM C33-84 requirements for grading.

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