The figure below shows a signaling pathway activated by the binding of adrenaline to the beta-adrenergic receptor. Binding of adrenaline to the receptor causes GTP-binding and activation of G proteins. Active GTP-bound G protein activates adenylate cyclase to initiate a signaling cascade that affects cellular responses. activated adrenaline activated adenylate B-adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase G protein cyclase subunit 2/ OLLE GTP 3. GDP conformational АТР CAMP change in receptor heterotrimeric G protein ACAMP inactive protein kinase A active protein kinase A cellular responses In which of the conditions would you see a constitutive activation of adenylate cyclase independent of adrenaline hormone? Cells have a adrenergic receptor that constitutively activates the G proteins in the absence of ligand Cells are treated with cholera toxin that locks the activated G proteins in their GTP bound form O Cells are treated with pertussis toxin that locks the G proteins in their GDP bound form Cells have a mutated receptor that does not activate G proteins

The figure below shows a signaling pathway activated by the binding of adrenaline to the beta-adrenergic receptor. Binding of adrenaline to the receptor causes GTP-binding and activation of G proteins. Active GTP-bound G protein activates adenylate cyclase to initiate a signaling cascade that affects cellular responses. activated adrenaline activated adenylate B-adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase G protein cyclase subunit 2/ OLLE GTP 3. GDP conformational АТР CAMP change in receptor heterotrimeric G protein ACAMP inactive protein kinase A active protein kinase A cellular responses In which of the conditions would you see a constitutive activation of adenylate cyclase independent of adrenaline hormone? Cells have a adrenergic receptor that constitutively activates the G proteins in the absence of ligand Cells are treated with cholera toxin that locks the activated G proteins in their GTP bound form O Cells are treated with pertussis toxin that locks the G proteins in their GDP bound form Cells have a mutated receptor that does not activate G proteins

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18RE

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The figure below shows a signaling pathway activated by the bindiıng of adrehalMNe LU the beta-adrenergic receptor. Binding of adrenaline to the receptor causes GTP-binding and activation of G proteins. Active GTP-bound G protein activates adenylate cyclase to initiate a signaling cascade that affects cellular responses, and includes cellular changes to mediate increased heart rate and accounts for the flight-or-fight response. activated adenylate cyclase adrenaline activated B-adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase G protein subunit 22 GTP SDP conformational ATP CAMP change in receptor heterotrimeric G protein ACAMP inactive protein kinase A active protein kinase A 4 cellular responses Consider the homozygous mutation in which a cell produces a variant of adenylate cyclase that can no longer be activated Which of the following are true in this cell? Select all that apply. Heart rate increases Protein Kinase A is not activated CAMP levels are lower than normal Heart rate decreases
Arrange following the boxed information in sequence regarding the dissociation and reassociation of G proteins following the activation of a G protein coupled receptor. GTP-bound Ga, dissociates from B and y cuhunits Gas exchanges GTP for GDP Gas reassociates with By subunits and the rorentor reforms Binding of the ligand to a G-protein rounled recentor GTP-bound Gas binds and activates adenvlul rurlase GTP is hydrolyzed and GDP bound Gas suhunit dissoriates Conformational change Increased synthesis of CAMP from ATP
The figure below shows a signaling pathway activated by the binding of adrenaline to the beta-adrenergic receptor. Binding of adrenaline to the receptor causes GTP-binding and activation of G proteins. Active GTP-boundG protein activates adenylate cyclase to initiate a signaling cascade that affects cellular responses, and includes cellular changes to mediate increased heart rate and accounts for the flight-or-fight response. activated adrenaline activated B-adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase adenylate cyclase G protein subunit GTP 3. GDP conformational ATP CAMP change in receptor heterotrimeric G protein ACAMP inactive protein kinase A active protein kinase A cellular responses Consider the homozygous mutation in which a cell produces a variant of the adrenergic receptor that is constitutively active in the absence of ligand. Which of the following are true in this cell? Select all that apply. Protein Kinase A is always activated CAMP concentration is higher than normal Heart rate…
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Label the molecules in this figure showing how IP3 and DAG function as second messengers. Note: not all labels are used. IP3 and calcium activating protein kinase C Activated phospholipase C DAG triggering calcium release Activated G-protein with GTR bound Siy IP3 triggering calcium release Phosphatidyl inositol Ligand bound to receptor DAG and calcium activating protein kinase C Activated G-protein with GDP bound Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. TH ,,