The figure below illustrates partial models of a starch molecule and a cellulose molecule, two carbohydrate polymers that are each made of covalently bonded glucose molecules. Starch CH₂OH A B CH₂OH С OH D OH CH₂OH OH OH OH Partial models of a starch and a cellulose molecule Cellulose OH OH OH CH₂OH CH₂OH OH Which of the following best explains why human enzymes that can digest starch cannot also digest cellulose despite the fact that they are both polymers of glucose? OH CH₂OH OH OH Human enzymes can only facilitate the digestion of starch because starch is formed via a dehydration synthesis reaction. The breakdown of starch involves a catabolic reaction, but the breakdown of cellulose involves an anabolic reaction, which does require enzymatic catalysis The polymers are digested differently because starch is primarily used for energy stor age while cellulose is primarily used as the component of plant cell walls. The biomolecular differences between the polymers prevent starch-digesting enzymes from effectively binding cellulose.

Chemistry The glucose molecule shown below is numbered 1-6. Show where those numbers would appear in pyruvate and acetyl-CoA (draw the molecules with the associated numbers). Note that each of the carbon atoms on these two molecules will have two of the numbers from glucose associated with them.

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The term used to describe a class of carbohydrates capable of transferring electrons to other molecules are: O Disaccharides O Glycosidic Linkages O Reducing Sugars O Glycogen

You can choose one or more than one option Which of the following compounds can be used to make glucose in animals? BIOCHEMISTRY basic  Glycerol  Lactate  Pyruvate  Lysine  Valine Which of the following atoms is found in RNA and DNA:  MOLECULAR BIOLOGY basic  Iron  Oxygen  Carbon  Sulfur  Hydrogen

x * x A () lipids: fatty acids and glycerol proteins: amino acids carbohydrates: disaccharides H HỎ D carbohydrates: monosaccharides E nucleic acids: nucleotides CH₂OH H OH H Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form other biomolecules. The picture above shows sucrose, a disaccharide used to form larger biomolecules. Biomolecules are all made of smaller units called monomers. Examine the list of biomolecules below. Select ALL of the choices that correctly pair the biomolecule with its monomer. QH H H OH Y CH₂OH 0 Q CH₂OH H HO OH H H 5 of 10 32

Write a sample chemical reaction of chymotrypsin in a complete balanced equation  label the following properly: substrate/s, cosubstrate/s, and cofactor/s Show all the changes in the reacting components small molecules should be in their skeletal form large molecules could be shown as hybrid structures - reacting/interacting groups in skeletal form, the rest of the molecule as abbreviations/blocks/shapes

Moore's Test We did an experiment about carbohydrate chemistry and the professor did not elaborate on the details. She just gave the positive result and reagent. I would like to ask the following: What type of reaction occurred when the samples (enumerated) reacted with the MOORE'S reagent? Give the chemical equation for each and the principle/mechanism of the reaction. Glucose Sucrose Fructose

The molecular structure shown here represents which lipid component? monounsaturated fatty acid 18. H2C CCH2 H2C CH2 H2C CCH2 H2C3 saturated fatty acid simple lipid d) trans fatty acid polyunsaturated fatty -H acid H- H2C3 CCH2 H2C. CCH2 H2C CCH2 * H¿C CH3

When comparing starch and cellulose, which carbohydrate would be more useful as a component of bacterial cell walls? Explain.  Use the following terms as part of your answer:  alpha-glucose, beta-glucose, carbons, 3D structure