The critical angle of water-air boundary is 49°. Which ray of light shown below will undergo total internal reflection? Air 49° 30 55° E D Water Select one: а. F b. Е с. D

A ray of light, emitted beneath the surface of an unknown liquid with air above it, undergoes total internal reflection as shown in Figure 25.55. What is the index of retraction for the liquid and its likely identification? Figure 25.55 A tight ray inside a liquid strikes the surface at the critical angle and undergoes total internal reflection.

Suppose you are using total internal reflection to make an efficient corner reflector. If there is air outside and the incident angle is 45.0 , what must be the minimum index of refraction of the material from which the reflector is made?

An opaque cylindrical tank with an open top has a diameter of 3.00 m and is completely filled with water. When the afternoon Sun reaches an angle of 28.0 above the horizon, sunlight ceases to illuminate the bottom of the tank. How deep is the tank?

Suppose Figure 25.54 represents a ray of light going from air through crown glass into waist, such as going into a fish tank. Calculate the amount the ray is displaced by the glass (x) , given mat me incident angle is 40.0° and the glass is 1.00 cm thick.

14. A ray of light strikes the midpoint of one face of an equiangular (60°−60°−60°) glass prism (n = 1.5) at an angle of incidence of 30°. (a) Trace the path of the light ray through the glass and find the angles of incidence and refraction at each surface. (b) If a small fraction of light is also reflected at each surface, what are the angles of reflection at the surfaces?

At that minimum angle will you get total internal reflection of light traveling in water and reflected from ice?

An optical fiber uses flint glass clad with crown glass. What is the critical angle?

(a) At the end of Example 25.4, it was stated that the critical angle for light going from diamond to air is 24.4°. Verify this. (b) What is the critical angle for light going from zircon to air?

An underwater scuba diver sees the Sun at an apparent angle of 45.0 above the horizontal. What is the actual elevation angle of the Sun above the horizontal?