Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- sodium potassium pumps are the driving force behind whatarrow_forwardGlucose transporter present in erythrocytes is- A. GLUT 1 B. GLUT 2 C. GLUT 3 D. GLUT 4arrow_forwardHyperaldosteronism (excessive aldosterone release) can be caused by many disease states including tumours in the adrenal gland. By now, we should be familiar with how this will affect sodium balance and blood pressure, but how would hyperaldosteronism affect potassium levels and why? Select one potassium effect (a or b) and one cause (c-f). a. The patient will become hyperkalemic. O b. The patient will become hypokalemic. O c. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule. Increased sodium reabsorption increases water reabsorption, which then establishes a concentration gradient to increase potassium reabsorption. Od. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct. Increased sodium reabsorption increases water reabsorption, which then establishes a concentration gradient to increase potassium reabsorption. O e. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct by increasing expression of EnaCs, sodium/potassium exchangers, and…arrow_forward
- An inadequate (low) dietary intake of NaCl will cause A) increased angiotensin II productionarrow_forwardRegulation of extracellular potassium is not particularly important because only about two percent of the total body potassium is in the extracellular fluid. TRUE or FALSEarrow_forwardKidney material balance A certain compound, molecule A,is filtered by the kidneys and possibly acted upon in the proximal and distal tubules. In the followingproblems, you’ll set up a material balance to monitor the amount of A in the blood and urine. (a) The GFR of a certain patient is 90 ml/min. The concentration of A in the bloodplasmais 30 ng/mL. The clearanceof PAH (para-aminohippuric acid) in this patient is 600 mL/min.Detemine the inputs and outputs from the glomerulus and the mass flow rate of A in the blood that leaves the nephron. (b) The amount of A in the patient’s urine is200ng/mLand the flow rate of urine production is1.5 mL/min. Based on this information, is A reabsorbed into the bloodstream,secreted into the urine, or neither?Justify your answer. (c) It’s determined that a buildup of A in the patient’s bloodstream has been causing health problems. To remedy this, adrug is prescribed that will act as an inhibitor to transporters in the proximal and distal…arrow_forward
- Spironolactone is a widely prescribed diuretic ("water pill" - make you pee) which works by acting as an antagonist to aldosterone thus blocking its actions. Knowing this, how does spironolactone work as an antihypertensive (lower BP) and as a "potassium-sparing" diuretic?arrow_forwardOrder: 40,000 units heparin in 1L of 0.9% NaCl to infuse at 25 mL/h. Calculate the hourly heparin dosage in mL/hour.arrow_forward
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