The city of Oak Ridge is evaluating three mutually exclusive landscaping plans for refurbishing a publicgreenway. Benefits to the community have been estimated by a landscaping committee, and the costsof planting trees and shrubbery, as well as maintaining the greenway, are summarized below. The city'sdiscount rate is 10% per year, and the planning horizon is 10 years.Use the Incremental benefit cost (B/C) analysis to determine the best option.Note: Use the same excel sheet that you downloaded in the previous question to solve this question.Solve it in a new sheet in the same document.Annual benefits,Annual disbenefits,PlanInitial cost, $Annual cost, $/year$/year$/year50,0003,00020,00050090,0004,00030,0002,000C200,0006,00061,0002,100

The benefit-cost analysis is an important technique of capital budgeting. It is a ratio between the…

Answered: The city of Oak Ridge is evaluating…

Essentials Of Investments

11th Edition

ISBN:9781260013924

Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.

Publisher:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.

Chapter1: Investments: Background And Issues

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PS

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The city of Oak Ridge is evaluating three mutually exclusive landscaping plans for refurbishing a public greenway. Benefits to the community have been estimated by a landscaping committee, and the costs of planting trees and shrubbery, as well as maintaining the greenway, are summarized below. The city’s cost of capital is 8% per year, and the planning horizon is 10 years. Which landscaping plan will you recommend based on B/C ratio analysis? Landscaping plan A B C Initial planning cost $75,000 $50,000 $65,000 Annual maintenance expense 4,000 5,000 4,700 Annual community benefits 20,000 18,000 20,000
The city of Columbus has identified three options for a public recreation area suitable for informal family activities and major organized events. As with most alternatives today, there are benefits, disbenefits, costs, and some savings. These have been estimated with the help of an external planning consultant and are identified in the table below. In each case, these are annualized over a 10-year planning horizon. Solve, a. Determine the B/C ratio for each project. Can you tell from these ratios which option should be selected? b. Determine which option should be selected using the incremental B/C ratio. c. Determine which option should be selected using B − C for each option. d. At what value of Option 2 costs are you indifferent between Option 1 and Option 2?
The city of Oak Ridge is evaluating three mutually exclusive landscaping plans for refurbishing a public greenway. Benefits to the community have been estimated by a landscaping committee, and the costs of planting trees and shrubbery, as well as maintaining the greenway, are summarized below. The city’s discount rate is 8% per year, and the planning horizon is 10 years. Solve, a. Use the B–C ratio method to recommend the best plan when annual maintenance expenses offset annual benefits in the numerator. b. Repeat Part (a) when annual maintenance expenses add to total costs in the denominator. Which plan is best? c. Should the recommendations in Part (a) and (b) be the same? Why or why not?
3. The city of Oak Ridge is evaluating three mutually exclusive landscaping plans for refurbishing a public greenway. Benefits to the community have been estimated by a landscaping committee, and the costs of planting trees and shrubbery, as well as maintaining the greenway, are summarized below. The city’s cost of capital is 8% per year,and the planning horizon is 10 years. Which landscaping plan will you recommend based on B/C ratio analysis?
As part of a community initiative, funding is being sought from potential contributors to sustain a public park's maintenance costs. You are considering donating to cover all future expected maintenance expenses for the park. The projected maintenance costs are $48,000 per year for the first five years, $60,000 per year from years 6 to 10, and $72,000 annually thereafter, assuming the park has an indefinite service life. If the funds are placed in an account with a 15% annual interest rate, what should be the size of your donation?
Two municipal cell tower designs are being considered by the city of Newton. If the city expects a modified benefit–cost ratio of 1.0 or better, which designwould you recommend based on the data that follows (shown)? Assume repeatability. The city’s cost of capital is 10% per year.
Happy Trails Senior Living Community is considering investing in solar panels to save on utility costs. The initial cost of the panels, including installation, is $250,000. The expected reduction in utility costs are noted below. Utility costs savings for the next five years are: Year 1: $65,000 Year 2: $68,250 Year 3: $71,663 Year 4: $75,246 Year 5: $79,008 The current interest rate used to evaluate investment decisions is 6%. The inflation rate is expected to remain constant at 3% for the entire period. Instructions (a) Compute the present value of the expected cash flows (savings). (b) Should Happy Trails move forward with the investment?
A city is considering buying a piece of land for $500,000 and constructing an office complex on it. Their planning horizon is 20 years. Three mutually exclusive building designs (shown below) have been drawn up by an architectural firm. Use the modified benefit-cost ratio method and a MARR of 10% per year to determine which alternative, if any, should be recommended to the city council.
Assume that, as a part of its economic development program, your governmental agency has committed to provide access to a new regional industrial park. This project must fund the construction of an on/off-interchange from an adjacent highway, a 2-mile length of 4-lane divided roadway, and a bridge that will cross a 500-foot wide river. The entire project is estimated to require 2 years to complete following planning & design.The roadway to be constructed is projected to cost $125,000 per lane mile. It will need to begin construction 12 months prior to the project’s estimated completion date. Your government controls the permitting process for the roadway and has already issued the necessary permits. The total roadway project will be paid for at its completion
Assume that, as a part of its economic development program, your governmental agency has committed to provide access to a new regional industrial park. This project must fund the construction of an on/off-interchange from an adjacent highway, a 2-mile length of 4-lane divided roadway, and a bridge that will cross a 500-foot wide river. The entire project is estimated to require 2 years to complete following planning & design.a. The interchange is projected to cost $50 million. It will need to begin construction in 18 months. Rights-of-way acquisition, surveying, and permitting have already been completed and paid for by the program. There will be 2 additional project phases: 1) planning & design, 2) construction. Each will require payment at the end of the phase. The projected cost of the 1st phase of the project is $2.5 million. The 1st phase is expected to need the entire 18 months prior to the start of construction and must be completed before construction can begin. The 2nd…
Assume that, as a part of its economic development program, your governmental agency has committed to provide access to a new regional industrial park. This project must fund the construction of an on/off-interchange from an adjacent highway, a 2-mile length of 4-lane divided roadway, and a bridge that will cross a 500-foot wide river. The entire project is estimated to require 2 years to complete following planning & design.a. The interchange is projected to cost $50 million. It will need to begin construction in 18 months. Rights-of-way acquisition, surveying, and permitting have already been completed and paid for by the program. There will be 2 additional project phases: 1) planning & design, 2) construction. Each will require payment at the end of the phase. The projected cost of the 1st phase of the project is $2.5 million. The 1st phase is expected to need the entire 18 months prior to the start of construction and must be completed before construction can begin. The 2nd…
The property appraisal district for Marin County has just installed new software to track residential market values for property tax computations. The manager wants to know the total equivalent cost of all future costs incurred when the three county judges agreed to purchase the software system. If the new system will be used for the indefinite future, find the equivalent value (a) now and (b) for each year hereafter.The system has an installed cost of $150,000 and an additional cost of$50,000 after 10 years. The annual software maintenance contract cost is $5000 for the first 4 years and $8000 thereafter. In addition, there is expected to be a recurring major upgrade cost of $15,000 every 13 years. Assume that i = 5% per year for county funds.

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