The biological species concept depends on the existence of barriers to reproduction. What are they? Does this species concept apply in all situations? Think of an example from nature where the biological species concept would NOT be that applicable. Which species concept would be better in this example? How does speciation occur? What environmental factors might contribute to speciation? Can an individual speciate? Use terminology for the two kinds of speciation we have learned about. What is “gene flow”? What does it mean if there is NO gene flow? Two groups of individuals are separated by either side of a canyon. One researcher found that they do not cross the canyon at any point. The group on the north side have fluffy tails and thicker coats, and they do not eat moss. The south side individuals eat moss almost exclusively, have a thin coat and tail, but otherwise are generally identical. When in the lab they mated successfully, and the offspring of that mating also mated successfully. Are the two groups different species or the same under the biological species concept? What kind of speciation is taking place? How does your answer change if a giant tree fell across the canyon and the groups intermixed? Reorder the levels of taxonomic classification from broadest to narrowest: Family, Species, Class, Domain, Phylum, Genus, Order, Kingdom. How do we determine if one trait evolved from another? Do primitive traits mean they are not as functional or as good as less primitive traits? What is the difference between shared primitive and shared derived characters? In a phylogenetic tree, what does the length of a branch represent? In a phylogenetic tree, what does the distance between branches represent? What about branching points? Why do we include an outgroup in cladograms? Research and name the complete taxonomy of humans (from Domain to species). Concept Check 26.1 in your text includes these images with the following question: Which of the trees shown here depicts an evolutionary history different from the other two? Explain. From tree (b.) in the diagram above, pick the grouping of species that represents a monophyletic group: SpeciesA, SpeciesC SpeciesD, SpeciesC SpeciesB, SpeciesD SpeciesD, SpeciesA What capability of eukaryotic cells led to the evolution of the photosynthetic capacity within some of these cells? How did eukaryotes develop organelles? How might the presence of organelles be advantageous? Disadvantageous? What are the advantages of multicellularity? Photosynthesis allowed what to accumulate in the atmosphere, preceding the evolution of terrestrial plants? There are 5 steps listed as a strategy for studying organisms, what are they? Complete steps 1,2 & 3 for diatoms. Is evolution goal oriented? What may happen to an evolutionary trend if the environment changes? How are mitosis and meiosis different? How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction? What are the advantages of each strategy? If cells start off as diploid, and then undergo meiosis, are the daughter cells diploid or haploid? Would the process of sexual reproduction ever involve meiosis? If so, why? Would meiosis ever be a part of asexual reproduction? Why or why not? What were the first terrestrial plants? What are the four derived traits that are shared by all land plants? How does each trait contribute to the fitness of plants in a terrestrial environment? Re-draw the phylogenetic tree shown in Figure 29.6 of your textbook as a cladogram (similar to the cladograms we’ve constructed in class). What are the major traits that define all land plants, the trait(s) that define only the vascular plants, the trait(s) that define all seed plants, and finally the trait(s) that define only the angiosperms? Add these to the cladogram.

The biological species concept depends on the existence of barriers to reproduction. What are they? Does this species concept apply in all situations? Think of an example from nature where the biological species concept would NOT be that applicable. Which species concept would be better in this example? How does speciation occur? What environmental factors might contribute to speciation? Can an individual speciate? Use terminology for the two kinds of speciation we have learned about. What is “gene flow”? What does it mean if there is NO gene flow? Two groups of individuals are separated by either side of a canyon. One researcher found that they do not cross the canyon at any point. The group on the north side have fluffy tails and thicker coats, and they do not eat moss. The south side individuals eat moss almost exclusively, have a thin coat and tail, but otherwise are generally identical. When in the lab they mated successfully, and the offspring of that mating also mated successfully. Are the two groups different species or the same under the biological species concept? What kind of speciation is taking place? How does your answer change if a giant tree fell across the canyon and the groups intermixed? Reorder the levels of taxonomic classification from broadest to narrowest: Family, Species, Class, Domain, Phylum, Genus, Order, Kingdom. How do we determine if one trait evolved from another? Do primitive traits mean they are not as functional or as good as less primitive traits? What is the difference between shared primitive and shared derived characters? In a phylogenetic tree, what does the length of a branch represent? In a phylogenetic tree, what does the distance between branches represent? What about branching points? Why do we include an outgroup in cladograms? Research and name the complete taxonomy of humans (from Domain to species). Concept Check 26.1 in your text includes these images with the following question: Which of the trees shown here depicts an evolutionary history different from the other two? Explain. From tree (b.) in the diagram above, pick the grouping of species that represents a monophyletic group: SpeciesA, SpeciesC SpeciesD, SpeciesC SpeciesB, SpeciesD SpeciesD, SpeciesA What capability of eukaryotic cells led to the evolution of the photosynthetic capacity within some of these cells? How did eukaryotes develop organelles? How might the presence of organelles be advantageous? Disadvantageous? What are the advantages of multicellularity? Photosynthesis allowed what to accumulate in the atmosphere, preceding the evolution of terrestrial plants? There are 5 steps listed as a strategy for studying organisms, what are they? Complete steps 1,2 & 3 for diatoms. Is evolution goal oriented? What may happen to an evolutionary trend if the environment changes? How are mitosis and meiosis different? How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction? What are the advantages of each strategy? If cells start off as diploid, and then undergo meiosis, are the daughter cells diploid or haploid? Would the process of sexual reproduction ever involve meiosis? If so, why? Would meiosis ever be a part of asexual reproduction? Why or why not? What were the first terrestrial plants? What are the four derived traits that are shared by all land plants? How does each trait contribute to the fitness of plants in a terrestrial environment? Re-draw the phylogenetic tree shown in Figure 29.6 of your textbook as a cladogram (similar to the cladograms we’ve constructed in class). What are the major traits that define all land plants, the trait(s) that define only the vascular plants, the trait(s) that define all seed plants, and finally the trait(s) that define only the angiosperms? Add these to the cladogram.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

The biological species concept depends on the existence of barriers to reproduction. What are they? Does this species concept apply in all situations? Think of an example from nature where the biological species concept would NOT be that applicable. Which species concept would be better in this example?

How does speciation occur? What environmental factors might contribute to speciation? Can an individual speciate? Use terminology for the two kinds of speciation we have learned about.
What is “gene flow”? What does it mean if there is NO gene flow?
Two groups of individuals are separated by either side of a canyon. One researcher found that they do not cross the canyon at any point. The group on the north side have fluffy tails and thicker coats, and they do not eat moss. The south side individuals eat moss almost exclusively, have a thin coat and tail, but otherwise are generally identical. When in the lab they mated successfully, and the offspring of that mating also mated successfully. Are the two groups different species or the same under the biological species concept? What kind of speciation is taking place? How does your answer change if a giant tree fell across the canyon and the groups intermixed?

Reorder the levels of taxonomic classification from broadest to narrowest: Family, Species, Class, Domain, Phylum, Genus, Order, Kingdom.
How do we determine if one trait evolved from another? Do primitive traits mean they are not as functional or as good as less primitive traits?
What is the difference between shared primitive and shared derived characters?
In a phylogenetic tree, what does the length of a branch represent?
In a phylogenetic tree, what does the distance between branches represent? What about branching points?
Why do we include an outgroup in cladograms?
Research and name the complete taxonomy of humans (from Domain to species).
Concept Check 26.1 in your text includes these images with the following question: Which of the trees shown here depicts an evolutionary history different from the other two? Explain.

From tree (b.) in the diagram above, pick the grouping of species that represents a monophyletic group:

SpeciesA, SpeciesC
SpeciesD, SpeciesC
SpeciesB, SpeciesD
SpeciesD, SpeciesA

What capability of eukaryotic cells led to the evolution of the photosynthetic capacity within some of these cells? How did eukaryotes develop organelles? How might the presence of organelles be advantageous? Disadvantageous?
What are the advantages of multicellularity?
Photosynthesis allowed what to accumulate in the atmosphere, preceding the evolution of terrestrial plants?
There are 5 steps listed as a strategy for studying organisms, what are they? Complete steps 1,2 & 3 for diatoms.
Is evolution goal oriented? What may happen to an evolutionary trend if the environment changes?

How are mitosis and meiosis different?
How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction? What are the advantages of each strategy?
If cells start off as diploid, and then undergo meiosis, are the daughter cells diploid or haploid?
Would the process of sexual reproduction ever involve meiosis? If so, why? Would meiosis ever be a part of asexual reproduction? Why or why not?
What were the first terrestrial plants?
What are the four derived traits that are shared by all land plants? How does each trait contribute to the fitness of plants in a terrestrial environment?
Re-draw the phylogenetic tree shown in Figure 29.6 of your textbook as a cladogram (similar to the cladograms we’ve constructed in class). What are the major traits that define all land plants, the trait(s) that define only the vascular plants, the trait(s) that define all seed plants, and finally the trait(s) that define only the angiosperms? Add these to the cladogram.

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