The area along streams on which ranchers like to graze their cattle is called the riparian zone stream bank O vegetative zone grass zone

Approaches to protect tropical forests include all of the following strategies EXCEPT: Question 19 options: - banning debt-for-nature swaps - slowing population growth - reforming timber-cutting regulations - reducing poverty through investments in women’s education and family planning - teaching settlers sustainable small-scale agriculture

A farmer abandons a field. The natural changes that occur in the field following the abandonment are considered to be secondary succession because the ecosystem did not contain any soil. O there is already soil present in the ecosystem. a new ecosystem develops.

(a) 10% Woody Cover (b) R-0.24 8 P=0.01 5 20 30 50 Years After Abandonment 10 0 0 00 0 0 30 35 40 Degrees Latitude 45 50 30 R-0.34 P<0.01 50% Woody Cover Years After Abandonment 10 20 30 50 5 8 30 35 40 Degrees Latitude 45 In eastern Ohio, most climax communities are forest, defined as having a closed canopy (75%-100% cover) allowing very little light to penetrate to the ground.2 By the end of the study in 2000, is it likely that this old field site (at 40°N) had reached the relative stability of a climax community? (the study began in 1950) A. No. Most forest communities take at least 100 years to reach 75% cover. B. No. According to the graphs, the old field will be at ~50% coverage after 50 years. C. Yes. Unless the area has been disturbed again, it should stay stable after 10% cover. D. Yes. At 40° latitude, over 50% of the old fields were above the stability line on the graph. O A B OC OD