The acetoacetic ester synthesis is a carbonyl alkylation reaction. It is used to prepare methyl ketones from primary alkyl halides, lengthening the carbon chain by three atoms. Thus, the product can be visualized as being a "substituted acetone." The reaction consists of three steps: generation of the enolate anion followed by SN2 reaction with a primary alkyl halide, ester hydrolysis under acid conditions, and decarboxylation. м Br H3C H3C OEt 1. NaOEt 2. H₂O* 3. heat H₂C. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. CO₂ EtOH CH3 Arrow-pushing Instructions H3C 1:0: :0: :Br: Br: H₂C CH3 CH3 H3C CH3 7b

Give steucture of  organic and inorganic products of the following sn2 reaction, and identify the nucleophile, substrate, and leaving group.

Draw the structures of all possible products formed from the following reaction. Specify the type of substitution or elimination pathway. Demonstrate the sterrochemical outcomes of the reaction by drawing your products in wedge dash form when necessary.

Show how to synthesize alkynes by eliminations from alkyl halides and by the additions and substitu- tions of acetylide ions.

Write four examples of the condensation reactions of carbonyl compounds, starting with benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO), with appropriate reagents and appropriate reactions. Write down the mechanism of one you want in detail.

Give the major organic product for each of the reactions

47) Provide the structure of the major organic product which results in the following reaction. Br KI Br CH3

how to synthesize 2-phenylclohexanone from cyclohexanone?

Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. aqueous H₂SO + KCN

1. NaOEt CO₂Et 2. H3O+ 3. heat Br H3C CO₂H CO2 H3C CO₂Et The malonic ester synthesis is a carbonyl alkylation reaction. It is used to prepare carboxylic acids from primary alkyl halides, lengthening the carbon chain by two atoms. Thus, the product can be visualized as being a "substituted acetic acid." The reaction consists of three steps: generation of the enolate anion followed by SN2 reaction with a primary alkyl halide, ester hydrolysis under acid conditions, and decarboxylation. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions 22 CX EtO₂C EtO₂C HOCH2CH3 HOCH2CH3 EtO₂C EtO₂C