The 94 students in a statistics class are categorized by gender and by the year in school. The numbers obtained are displayed below. Year in school Gender Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior Graduate Total Male 1 2 9 17 2 31 Female 23 17 13 7 3 63 Total 24 19 22 24 5 94 Suppose we wish to test the null hypothesis that there is no association between the year in school and gender. Under the null hypothesis, what is the expected number of male sophomores?

A survey described the results of a poll of working adults in Canada. Each person in a random sample was classified according to gender and the number of vacation days he or she usually took each year. The resulting data are summarized in the given table. Days of Vacation Gender Male Female None 51 42 1-5 21 25 6-10 67 79 11-15 106 98 16-20 71 70 21-25 82 58 More than 25 118 79 (a) Is it reasonable to conclude that there is an association between gender and the number of vacation days taken?Test the appropriate hypotheses using a 0.05 significance level. Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)?2 =

You want to examine the relationship between dropping out of high school and delinquency. You have a random sample of 11 students. You have the number of delinquent offenses that each student reported committing in the year before and after dropping out of school. The following table shows the data. Before dropping After dropping Student out out 1 7 2 9. 2 3 4 7 7 8 11 6 11 13 7 8 4 8 8 10 9. 5 7 10 2 1 11 3 From performing a hypothesis test to determine if the mean number of delinquent differs after dropping out, what is the p-value? (Round off to two decimal places if necessary)

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health interviewed several thousand teens (grades 7 to 12). One question asked was “What do you think are the chances you will be married in the next 10 years?” Here is a two-way table of the responses by gender:   Opinion Female Male Almost no chance 120 94 Some chance but probably not 156 178 A 50-50 chance 427 498 A good chance 750 700 Almost certain 1176 770   How many individuals are described in this table? How many females were among the respondents? The percent of females among the respondents was about %. Your percent from the previous exercise is part of the marginal distribution of opinion about marriage. the conditional distribution of sex among adolescents with a given opinion. the marginal distribution of sex. What percent of females thought that they were almost certain to be married in the next 10 years?% Your percent from the previous exercise is part of the conditional distribution of sex among…

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health interviewed several thousand teens (grades 7 to 12). One question asked was “What do you think are the chances you will be married in the next 10 years?” Here is a two-way table of the responses by gender:   Opinion Female Male Almost no chance 120 104 Some chance but probably not 141 158 A 50-50 chance 454 499 A good chance 742 729 Almost certain 1168 764 What percent of females thought that they were almost certain to be married in the next 10 years?

Twelve HSS students have been randomly assigned to one of three different statistics classes: one is taught by Professor Lavigne, another is taught by a monkey, and the last group has no professor and requires that students learn on their own. Here are the data:  Final grade in class:  Prof Lavigne: 67,74,82,55 Monkey: 43,66,52,10 No professor: 97,87,86,78 We now want to figure out if the average final grade in each class is different from one another. What kind of analysis does this require? One-way ANOVA A series of two-sample t-tests A series of one-sample t-tests None of the above What degrees of freedom are needed to answer the following question: Are average final grades statistically different in each group? 10 11 2 and 9 3 and 12 No degrees of freedom can be used

5. About 8% of Americans drop out of high school. About 30% of Americans are republicans. Therefore, the probability of someone being both a high school drop out and voting republican is 2.4%. Group of answer choices Correlation does not imply causation Variables aren’t independent (A|B =/= B|A) Highly improbable events tend to get famous There will likely be a self-reporting bias Terrible Survey Design: Biased question Terrible Survey Design: Sampling technique Terrible Survey Design: Small sample size