Territoriality behaviors actually decrease cometition between members of the same species. Explain why this is the case, and therefore how territoriality is favored by natural selection.

In some groups of marmosets, juveniles stick around to help their parents raise their young siblings. In doing so, they forego dispersal to a new group. Given this information, and this information only, what can be said of this behavior: O a. The juveniles have made a decision to maximize their inclusive fitness. O b. This scenario supports the Group Augmentation Hypothesis. O c. The juveniles have made a decision that increases their indirect fitness. O d. The juveniles have made a decision that maximizes their direct fitness. O e. This scenario supports the Temporal Variability Hypothesis.

Once a mutualistic relationship evolves between two species, will natural selection and co-evolution cause the two species to become continuously more dependent on each other? Or is it possible for one to end the mutualism? Describe.

A snake naturally found on land does not mate with a snake naturally found in water due to:     Postzygotic barriers     Behavioral isolation     Mechanical isolation     Habitat isolation