MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781119256830
Author: Amos Gilat
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc
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Researchers wanted to determine if there was an association between daily cantaloupe consumption and the occurrence of colon cancer. The researchers looked at 93,417 women and asked them to report their cantaloupe-eating
habits. The researchers also determined which of the women had adenocarcinoma. After their analysis, the researchers concluded that consumption of two or more servings of cantaloupe per day was associated with a reduction in
adenocarcinoma Complete parts (a) through (c) below.
(a) What type of observational study was this? Explain.
O A. This was a cohort study because it identified a group of individuals to participate in the study and observed the group over a long period of time.
O B. This was a cross-sectional study because all information about the individuals was collected at a specific point
time
O C. This was a case-control study because individuals that had a certain characteristic were matched with those that did not.
(b) What is the response variable in the study? Is the response variable qualitative or quantitative? What is the explanatory variable?
What
the response variable in the study? Is the response variable qualitative or quantitative?
O A. The response variable is consumption of cantaloupe. The response variable is quantitative.
O B. The response variable is whether the woman has adenocarcinoma or not. The response variable is qualitative.
O C. The response variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study who eat two or more servings of cantaloupe per day. The response variable is quantitative.
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Transcribed Image Text:Researchers wanted to determine if there was an association between daily cantaloupe consumption and the occurrence of colon cancer. The researchers looked at 93,417 women and asked them to report their cantaloupe-eating habits. The researchers also determined which of the women had adenocarcinoma. After their analysis, the researchers concluded that consumption of two or more servings of cantaloupe per day was associated with a reduction in adenocarcinoma Complete parts (a) through (c) below. (a) What type of observational study was this? Explain. O A. This was a cohort study because it identified a group of individuals to participate in the study and observed the group over a long period of time. O B. This was a cross-sectional study because all information about the individuals was collected at a specific point time O C. This was a case-control study because individuals that had a certain characteristic were matched with those that did not. (b) What is the response variable in the study? Is the response variable qualitative or quantitative? What is the explanatory variable? What the response variable in the study? Is the response variable qualitative or quantitative? O A. The response variable is consumption of cantaloupe. The response variable is quantitative. O B. The response variable is whether the woman has adenocarcinoma or not. The response variable is qualitative. O C. The response variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study who eat two or more servings of cantaloupe per day. The response variable is quantitative. Next Sign out O us v O 10:47 DII esc @ 2$ % & backs 4 5 7 9 3 e r y d
LIUDeu tal CONsumpion UI IWO OF mure servings of cartaloupe per day was associated with a reduction in
VVIkal IS LIe explariatory variabie?
O A. The explanatory variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study who eat two or more servings of cantaloupe per day.
O B. The explanatory variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study
O C. The explanatory variable is whether the woman has adenocarcinoma or not.
O D. The explanatory variable is consumption of cantaloupe.
(c) In their report, the researchers stated that "After adjusting for various demographic and lifestyle variables, daily consumption of two or more servings was associated with a 30% reduced prevalence of adenocarcinoma." Why
was it important to adjust for these variables?
O A. The researchers wanted to ensure that the study was representative of the entire population, so they were likely to adjust the responses to match actual data collected for the entire population.
O B. The researchers were sure that various demographic and lifestyle variables had greater influence than daily consumption of two or more servings.
O C. The researchers wanted to ensure that the sample was large enough in order to perform inference.
O D. The researchers may be concerned with confounding that occurs when the effects of two or more explanatory variables are not separated or when there are some explanatory variables that were not considered in a study,
but that affect the value of the response variable.
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Transcribed Image Text:LIUDeu tal CONsumpion UI IWO OF mure servings of cartaloupe per day was associated with a reduction in VVIkal IS LIe explariatory variabie? O A. The explanatory variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study who eat two or more servings of cantaloupe per day. O B. The explanatory variable is the number of individuals who participate in the study O C. The explanatory variable is whether the woman has adenocarcinoma or not. O D. The explanatory variable is consumption of cantaloupe. (c) In their report, the researchers stated that "After adjusting for various demographic and lifestyle variables, daily consumption of two or more servings was associated with a 30% reduced prevalence of adenocarcinoma." Why was it important to adjust for these variables? O A. The researchers wanted to ensure that the study was representative of the entire population, so they were likely to adjust the responses to match actual data collected for the entire population. O B. The researchers were sure that various demographic and lifestyle variables had greater influence than daily consumption of two or more servings. O C. The researchers wanted to ensure that the sample was large enough in order to perform inference. O D. The researchers may be concerned with confounding that occurs when the effects of two or more explanatory variables are not separated or when there are some explanatory variables that were not considered in a study, but that affect the value of the response variable. Next Sign out O us 9 O 10:47 hp 女 DII esc @ 2# 2$ % 7 8. 3 W e t k S d
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