Technically speaking, true antibiotics are drugs… A. Produced naturally by microbes B. Taken orally, not injected. C. Used to treat any microbial infection D. Used to treat any bacterial disease.

13. Which is the most common mechanism of defensins? A). Forming a thick coat on microbe surfaces B). Inducing cytokine secretion C). Poking holes in microbial membranes D). Chemotaxis E). Forming ROSS. 14. Producing cytokines is a major role of A). ILC1 B). ILC2 C). TH cells D). Macrophages E). All of the above. 15. Which statement is correct about IgE? A. IgE promotes immune responses against worm infection. B. IgE can cause allergy reactions C. Its receptors are expressed in eosinophils. D. Its receptors are expressed in mast cells. E. All of the above.

which of the following definitions is not technically correct? a. broad spectrum - effective against many different types of microbes b. bacteriostatic - prevents microbes from growing c. antibiotic - microbial or synthetic product that kills or inhibits growth of microbes. d. all of the above are correct

Some antibiotics are effective against only a limited range of organisms. What is a term you learned in the virtual lab that is used to describe this phenomenon and describe what it means.