TABLE 43.3 Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) for Several Types of Radiation Radiation RBE (Sv,Gy or rem rad) X rays and g rays 1 Electrons 1.0–1.5 Slow neutrons 3-5 Protons 10 a particles 20 Heavy ions 20

You need to give ranitidine liquid at a dose of 2 mg/kg to a 9-year-old child weighing 23 kg. You have a 150 mg in 10 mL liquid. How much do you need to give for each dose?

When you purchase drugs, there are many doses in the container. No one wants to drive to the store each time they have a headache! You can calculate the number of doses per container using the following formula: number of tablet per container /tablets per dose  (formula) Calculate the number of doses per container for Brand X. Do not include a unit in your answer. Brand X antacid: 2 tablets / 500 mg dose 40 tablets / container Cost: $3.75 / container

A continuous enzyme reactor consists of a stirred tank of volume 0.01 m3 through which liquid is pumped at 0.02 m3⁄h. The enzyme is immobilised onto non-porous, spherical support particles, and the contents are stirred well to ensure that the composition is uniform and that the particles remain in suspension. A plastic mesh has been placed in front of the exit pipe to prevent the particles from leaving the vessel. The reactor is used to carried out a 98% conversion of a substrate entering at 0.1 kmol m3 ⁄ . Michaelis-Menten kinetics apply, with the following enzyme characteristics: Turnover number = 1 × 10^3 s KM = 5 × 10−3 kmol m3 ⁄ Enzyme RMM = 65,000 (a) If the enzyme is stable, calculate the mass of enzyme that needs to be immobilised. (b) If the enzyme is not stable and experiences exponential denaturation with a half-life of 10 h at the reaction temperature, determine the denaturation constant. (c) How would you expect denaturation to affect the reactor performance?