College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- Learning Goal: To understand the meaning and the basic applications of pV diagrams for an ideal gas. As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are described by the equation PV = nRT, where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and I is the absolute temperature of the gas. It follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas, Figure 3po 2po Po pV T 51 Vo = constant. 6 2V 3V V Submit ✓ Correct No work is done during a process, if the gas does not experience a change in volume. The absolute value of the work done by the gas during a cycle (a process in which the gas returns to its original state) equals the area of the loop corresponding to the cycle. One must be careful, though, in judging whether the work done by the gas is positive or negative. One way to determine the total work is to calculate directly the work done by the gas during each step for the cycle and then add the results with their respective…arrow_forwardFor this problem, we want to estimate the answer, so our assumptions may be a little unrealistic. Suppose we want to estimate how much air we need to send to a space station, assuming we cannot recycle air. Suppose four astronauts are in a spherical space station. If each of them typically breathes about 500 cm³of air with each breathe, and take 15 breathes per minute (average resting value): a. What is the volume of air you would need in the space station if these four astronauts stayed for a full year? b. If the density of air is 1.25 kg/m³ and it costs (thanks to SpaceX) a mere $100/kg to send objects to the space station, how much money would the astronaut air supply cost?arrow_forwardPlease help me with this question and explain it. Thank you!arrow_forward
- Parts B, C, and D. Statistical mechanicsarrow_forwardState the units in which the characteristic gas constant R is usually expressed 3. and explain why it has not the same value for all gases. In an experiment to determine specific heat capacity of the air at constant pressure, 50 g of air at constant pressure were heated from 14°C to 74 °C during the period 300 seconds by continuous electric heating method. The average value of the power used by heater was 10.04 Watts. Use the information to find the value of the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure. Hence find a- the value of the characteristic gas constant R b-the density of the air at 0°C and 0.1 MPa. y =1.4arrow_forward-80J of work are done on the gas in the process shown in (Figure 1). Figure p (kPa) P₁- 0 0 100 200 300 1 of 1 V (cm³) Part A What is p₁ in kPa? Express your answer in kilopascals. P1 = Submit IVE ΑΣΦ Provide Feedback Previous Answers Request Answer ? kPaarrow_forward
- Look at the P-V diagram below (Diagram 1). Calculate the work done by the gas for the paths A, B and C. Assume that in Diagram 1, P1 = 1 atm, P2 = 4 atm, V1 = 5 L, V2 = 15 L. a) WA = 1013 J, WB = 0, WC = -2533 J b) WA = 0.01 J, WB = 0, WC = -0.025 J c) WA = 2533 J, WB = 0, WC = -1013 J Calculate the work done by the gas for the path AB in Diagram 2. Use the data: P1 = 1 atm, P2 = 4 atm, V1 = 5 L, V2 = 20 L. (Path AB is an "isothermal" which means the temperature T is constant on this path). a) 0.012 J b) 1220 J c) 0.0278 J d) 2809 Jarrow_forward1. a. Derive the following expression for the fractional change in the speed of sound (dv/v) dv 1 dT related to a small change in temperature (dT): Start with the expression for the 2 T YRT M speed of sound related to temperature: v= where y is the ratio of heat capacities (a constant), R is the gas constant and M is the molar mass of the substance. Show enough steps (and words!) so that I can tell what you're doing. b. Use the red equation above to determine what the speed of sound in air at 21.0° C is, given that the speed of sound at 20.0° C is 344 m/s. Check your answer against any reference that has the speed of sound in air at different temperatures. Show your setup, and remember that the speed should not be terribly different! Hint: What temperature units should you be using?arrow_forward-70 J of work are done on the gas in the process shown in (Figure 1). Figure p (kPa) P₁ 0+ 0 100 200 300 < 1 of 1 V (cm³) Part A What is p₁ in kPa? Express your answer in kilopascals. P1 = Submit VE ΑΣΦ Provide Feedback Request Answer ***** ? kPaarrow_forward
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