Suppose US real wages are higher than real wages in Europe in 2021. The Ricardian model predicts that the US real wage in the future _________.

Suppose the economy is self-regulating and the (actual) unemployment rate is less than the natural unemployment rate. This means that the economy is producing a level of output  a. above its naturel level and will eventually cut back on output  b. below its natural level and will eventually increase output  c. below its natural level but no forces exist to automatically increase output  d. above its natural level and institutional constraints will automatically be reduced so as  to allow the economy to continue producing this level  e. none of the above

Consider a one-sided search model of unemployment we developed in class. In class discussion we never mentioned how unemployment insurance benefit, b, is financed. For this question, you are going to incorporate it to the model. Let's assume that in order to finance the unemployment insurance benefit, b, the government imposes lump-sum tax, T, on each employed worker. Assuming that the economy is in a long-run steady-state equilibrium, the total amount that needs to be paid out to unemployed workers is bU, where as usual, U repre- sents the fraction of unemployed. The total amount of tax collected (which we can interpret as an unemployment insurance premium) from employed workers is (1U)T. The government runs balanced budget, hence, bU = (1 – U)T. In this new setting, please show the effect of an increase in unemployment in- surance benefits, b, on reservation wage, w*, and on the long-run unemployment rate, U. Using graphs clearly demonstrate how the behavior of this model is…

Using the “Keynesian” labor market and the aggregate production function, explain what happens to the amount of output firms are willing to produce … If there is an increase in the price level. If there is a decrease in the price level.

Assume that a country's economy is in equilibrium. a) () Using a correctly labeled AD/AS graph, show how an increase in the price of gasoline, an important input of production, will affect the following in the short run. (i) Real output :- (ii) Price level-Using a correctly labeled graph, show the same effect on the Phillips curve. () Central bank of the country responds to the higher price of oil by increasing the money supply. (i ) ()Explain the process by which the increase in the money supply will affect the aggregate demand in the short run. (ii) (Indicate on the AD/AS graph, how the increase in the money supply will affect real output and the price level. d) () Now assume that instead of using monetary policy in response to the gasoline price increase, the government reduces business taxes, which results in lower production costs. Using a new correctly labeled graph, show the effect of the reduction in business taxes on the following. (i) () Real output - (ii) () Price levele) (…

There is an on‐going debate on how unemployment benefits affect the unemployment rate. In the context of the Mortensen‐Pissarides model, unemployment benefits are represented by the variable b. Explain carefully how an increase in b affects each equilibrium condition (Beveridge curve, vacancy supply condition, and wage setting curve.) How is the steady‐state unemployment rate impacted by an increase in b? Use the simulation tool here, https://www.briancjenkins.com/dmp‐model/simulation‐tool.html, to check your answer.

Compare and Contrast the Classical and Keynesian assumptions about the flexibility of prices and wages.