Suppose the robot assistant market consists of two firms: MultiTech and MicroRobo. Each of the two firms must simultaneously choose to set either a high price or a low price for its robots. If both MultiTech and MicroRobo set a high price, their profits will be SEK 30 million each. Conversely, if they both set a low price, their profits will be only SEK 3 million. On the other hand, if one firm sets a high price while the other sets a low price, the high-priced firm will incur a loss of SEK 15 million, while the low-priced firm will gain a profit of SEK 90 million. Answer the following questions: a) Write the payoff matrix of this game. b) How many Nash equilibria are there? Identify each equilibrium, what is the dominant strategy? c) Suppose MultiTech has a well-known brand, therefore receiving profits 15% higher than MicroRobo in all strategies. Explain how this would affect the payoff matrix and the firms' strategies.

Suppose two Bertrand competitors, F1 and F2, make identical products for a market with inverse demand P = 600 – 0.5Q.  Both firms have the same costs Ci = 20qi, and each firm has sufficient capacity to supply the entire market.  a. What prices will the firms choose?  How much might each produce and what profit would they make?  Is the result a Nash equilibrium?  Explain. b. Suppose F1 improves its efficiency, reducing its cost to C1 = 16q1.  What will happen in this market?  Explain. c. Assume now that the firms have their original identical costs, but that F1 has only 100 units of capacity and F2 has only 200 units of capacity.  What prices will the firms choose now?  Explain why neither firm will want to decrease its price at the equilibrium you identify.  Why would neither firm want to increase its price?  Prove this for F1.

American Airlines and Braniff Airways are the two airlines operating flights from your region. Suppose that each company can charge either a high price for tickets or a low price. First, American Airlines will choose the price level. Following this, Braniff Airways will observe its competitor’s decision and choose the price level for its tickets. If both of the companies choose High, they earn $25,000 each. If they both choose Low, they earn $18,000 each. If the companies choose different levels of prices, the one choosing the high price will earn $15,000 and the one choosing Low will earn $30,000. a)  Draw the game three. b)  Solve the game by using backwards induction. c)  If Braniff Airlines makes a promise to choose High if American Airlines chooses High, should American Airlines trust this promise? Explain.

You are the manager of a golf course. For simplicity assume that you only have two potential customers – a high demand customer whose inverse demand for golf services is given by P = 10 – 0.5Q and a low demand customer whose inverse demand for golf services is given by P = 8 – 0.5Q. Suppose the marginal cost to the golf course of each round of golf is zero.Suppose you have to charge both players the same two-part pricing strategy. Which of the following pricing strategies will yield the highest profit for you?   A. Charge a fixed fee of €100 and a per unit fee of zero   B. Charge a fixed fee of €64 and a per unit fee of zero   C. Charge a fixed fee of €64 and a per unit fee of €4   D. Charge a fixed fee of €128 and a fixed fee of zero.

An industry consists of two firms, firm 1 and firm 2. The demand function for the product of each firmsis given by q1 = 720 - 3p1 + 2p2 and q2 = 720 - 3p2 + 2p1. We assume for simplicity that the totalcost of production is zero:TC1 =TC2 =0.   a) Are these two products substitutes or complements? Assuming that firms compete over prices, find theprice best-response functions for firm 1 and fin 2. Draw a diagram that shows the BRFs and theequilibrium. Are prices strategic substitutes or complements? Find the Bertrand Nash equilibrium inprices and outputs. Obtain the profits of each firm.   b) Show that the duopolists have incentives to collude. Find their joint profit-maximizing price, output, andprofit: find each firm's price. output and protit. Is collusion a Nash equilibrium? If not, what is the optimaldefection for each firm? Show this game in a 2X2 matrix form. What does this imply about the Nashequilibrium or the stability of their collusive agreement? Is it a Prisoner's Dilemma…

Suppose you are the economic adviser of a company producing three brands of mobile phones; Nokia 10 , Samsung X and iPhone Z. Suppose further that, your company currently sells 120 units of iPhone Z at ¢800 per unit, 150 units of Samsung X at ¢800 per unit and 200 units of Nokia 10 at ¢100 per unit, but in a bid to maximize profit, the company’s managing director proposes an increase in price of Samsung X from ¢800 to ¢1000 per unit for which quantity demanded is anticipated to fall from 150 to 100 units; iPhone Z from ¢800 to ¢1200 per unit for which quantity demanded is anticipated to fall from 120 to 100 units; and Nokia 10 from¢100 to ¢200 per unit for which quantity demanded is expected to fall from 200 to 100 units. 1.Using the mid-point formula, compute the price elasticity of demand for each brand.2. From your answer in i, what is the type and economic interpretation of each brand’s value of elasticity.

There is a Jexaco gas station right across the street from a Jalero station in Pennsylvania It is safe to assume that they compete locally for the same consumers and can observe the prices posted on each other's marquees. Demand for gasoline in this local market is Q = 80 − 6P, and both stations obtain gasoline from their supplier at $2.20 per gallon. On the day that both franchises opened for business, each owner was observed changing the price of gas advertised on its marquee more than 10 times; the owner of Jexaco lowered its price to slightly undercut Jalero's price, and the owner of Jalero lowered its price to beat Jexaco's. Since then, prices appear to have stabilized. Which of the oligopoly models is most suitable for explaining this behavior by these firms? Under current conditions, how many gallons of gasoline are sold in the market, and at what price? Would your answer differ if Jalero had service attendants available to fill consumers' tanks but Jexaco was only a…

While there is a degree of differentiation between major grocery chains like Albertsons and Kroger, the regular offering of sale prices by both firms for many of their products provides evidence that these firms engage in price competition. For markets where Albertsons and Kroger are the dominant grocers, this suggests that these two stores simultaneously announce one of two prices for a given product: a regular price or a sale price. Suppose that when one firm announces the sale price and the other announces the regular price for a particular product, the firm announcing the sale price attracts 1,000 extra customers to earn a profit of $5,000, compared to the $3,000 earned by the firm announcing the regular price. When both firms announce the sale price, the two firms split the market equally (each getting an extra 500 customers) to earn profits of $2,000 each. When both firms announce the regular price, each company attracts only its 1,500 loyal customers and the firms each earn…

While there is a degree of differentiation between major grocery chains like Albertsons and Kroger, the regular offering of sale prices by both firms for many of their products provides evidence that these firms engage in price competition. For markets where Albertsons and Kroger are the dominant grocers, this suggests that these two stores simultaneously announce one of two prices for a given product: a regular price or a sale price. Suppose that when one firm announces the sale price and the other announces the regular price for a particular product, the firm announcing the sale price attracts 1,000 extra customers to earn a profit of $5,000, compared to the $3,000 earned by the firm announcing the regular price. When both firms announce the sale price, the two firms split the market equally (each getting an extra 500 customers) to earn profits of $2,000 each. When both firms announce the regular price, each company attracts only its 1,500 loyal customers and the firms each earn…

While there is a degree of differentiation between major grocery chains like Albertsons and Kroger, the regular offering of sale prices by both firms for many of their products provides evidence that these firms engage in price competition.  For markets where Albertsons and Kroger are the dominant grocers, this suggests that these two stores simultaneously announce one of two prices for a given product: a regular price or a sale price.  Suppose that when one firm announces the sale price and the other announces the regular price for a particular product, the firm announcing the sale price attracts 1,000 extra customers to earn a profit of $5,000, compared to the $3,000 earned by the firm announcing the regular price.  When both firms announce the sale price, the two firms split the market equally (each getting an extra 500 customers) to earn profits of $2,000 each.  When both firms announce the regular price, each company attracts only its 1,500 loyal customers and the firms each earn…