Suppose that you made some wine whose alcohol content was 10% w/v (i.e., 10 g of ethanol per 100 ml. of wine). The initial fermentation mix- ture would have had to contain what molar concentration of glucose or its equivalent to generate this much ethanol? Is it likely that an initial fermenta- tion mixture would contain that much glucose? In what other forms might the fermentable carbon appear?

How much fat (in grams) would the body have to burn to produce the daily minimum requirement of 40 kg ATP from ADP and phosphate? Assume that: 1. The fat is metabolized completely to water and carbon dioxide. 2. The energy that is released can be used entirely for ATP production. 3. Complete oxidation of 1 g of fat to water and CO2 releases 9 kcal or 37 kJ. 4. The Delta G for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 kJ/mol. You will have to look up one more value online to answer this question, but you do not need to know anything about lipid metabolism. A) approx. 16 to 17 g of fat B) approx. 65 to 66 g of fat C) approx 22 to 23 kg of fat D) approx. 267 to 268 g of fat E) approx. 5 to 6 kg of fat

One of the best-selling light, or low-calorie, beers is 4.5% alcohol by volume and a 12-oz serving contains 110 Calories; remember 1 Calorie 1000 cal=1 kcal. To estimate the percentage of Calories that comes from the alcohol, consider the following questions. Y Part D How many Calories are released by the metabolism of ethanol, the reaction from Part A? Express your answer in calories to 2 significant figures. | ΑΣΦΑ 4 34 4 ? Cal

The reaction below occurs in nearly all human cells. It is catalyzed by the enzyme enolase. CO- CO- enolase -OPO3 OPO3 + H20 ČH,OH AGO'=+1.7 kJ/mol CH2 2PGA PEP Under cellular conditions, the AG is -3.3 kJ/mol. Which of the following could account for these changes in cellular AG compared to the standard biological free energy? The concentration of 2PGA is 7 times higher than PEP. The concentration of PEP is 7 times higher than 2PGA Enolase lowers the activation energy of the transition state. The release of water from 2PGA is a form of energy coupling.

Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are determined using its formula. In addition, you should explain what those factors are including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, resistance, a-vO2 difference, etc. Describe how many ATPs can be generated by complete cycles of beta oxidation of free fatty acid with 20 carbons. You should indicate how many cycles of beta oxidation and Krebs cycle, and total number of products as well

Digestion of cellobiose in cows produces two glucose units which is then absorbed into the bloodand distributed into the cells for energy production. One glucose unit is catabolized in the muscle cellwhile the other is in the heart cell, to CO2 and H2O in the cellular respiration process. How many ATPmolecules are released? Please show your detailed computation.

Based on the products of alcohol fermentation. In which molecule does most of the energy from glucose end up?

Under anerobic conditions how many ATP molecules will be produced when 3.5 moles of Glucose are being consumed?

During our experiment, Sucrose tested positive for Benedict's Test. Benedict's test us actually a test for reducing sugars. Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar. Why is that? Kindly explain the theoretical reactions and explain principle/mechanism behind the test.

Suppose ribulose-5-phosphate, labeled with "C in carbon 1, is used as the substrate in dark reactions. In which carbon of 3PG will the label appear?