Suppose actual real GDP is $7.91 trillion, potential real GDP is $13.33 trillion, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.68, and that the government has a balanced budget. If we ignore price effects, by how many trillions of dollars should the government change its spending to fix the gap while keeping the federal budget balanced? (Round this to two digits after the decimal and enter this value as either a positive value or a negative value without the dollar sign.)

How does the government budget process impact fiscal policy decisions, and what are the potential consequences of budget deficits and surpluses? A) The government budget process has no bearing on fiscal policy decisions. B) The government budget process involves decisions about government spending and taxation; budget deficits occur when spending exceeds revenue, while surpluses occur when revenue exceeds spending. Deficits may lead to increased borrowing and interest payments, while surpluses can reduce government debt. C) The government budget process exclusively focuses on taxation and has no relation to spending. D) Budget deficits always lead to economic stability.

Suppose that real GDP is currently $19.3 trillion, potential GDP is $23.0 trillion, the government purchases multiplier is 1.6, and the tax multiplier is -1.6. Holding other factors (such as prices and interest rates) constant, how will taxes (T) need to change to bring the economy to equilibrium at potential GDP? Provide your answer in dollars measured in trillions rounded to two decimal places. Use a negative sign for negative changes. Do not include any symbols, such as "S," "," "%," or "," in your answer. Your Answer: Answer

Suppose the economy begins at full employment. Label this starting point as point "1." Then, suppose that a long strike by coal miners reduces the coal supply and increases the price of coal. Show the effects on your graph and label the new equilibrium point "2." Lastly, suppose our government wants the economy to return to full-employment as quickly as possible. Should the government intervene? If so, show the impact of successful fiscal policy on your graph. Label this new equilibrium point "3."

President Biden is proposing an increase in the corporate income tax rate from 21% to 28%. Although the corporate tax rate will be higher than it is currently, it is still lower than the corporate tax rate of 35% that had been in place since President Clinton. How will this tax increase affect aggregate expenditures, equilibrium GDP and employment? Part of the reason for this proposal is to offset the increased spending from the last three stimulus packages/checks which increased Federal government's debt.  Do you agree with the proposed increase in corporate tax rates? Why or why not? What are some of the costs and benefits of the proposed tax changes? Is this the right time to increase taxes? Why or why not?

Suppose that the economy is experiencing a recession with an estimated recessionary gap of $15 billion. Congress is considering the use of fiscal policy to ease the recession, but due to current political sentiments, it has determined that the maximum spending increase the government is willing to support is $2 billion. It wants to make up the remainder of the recessionary gap using tax cuts. If a spending increase of $2 billion is approved and the MPC is 0.8, by how much will taxes need to be reduced to close the remainder of the recessionary gap? Instructions: Round your answer to 2 decimal places. 5 billion

Consider the following economy:   C = 300 + 0.8 (Y – T) I = $300                                               G = $200 and T = $250   What is the equilibrium level of national income? What is the change in national income, if only government spending increases by $10?  What is the government spending multiplier? What is the change in national income, if only taxes increase by $10? What is the tax       multiplier? Based on (b) and (c), does the balanced budget multiplier theorem hold? What is the change in national income, if both government spending and taxes increase by $10 each?

List the 3 major economic goals of fiscal policy.   Who is responsible for fiscal policy?       What issue or problem in the economy would be fixed with expansionary fiscal policy? Contractionary fiscal policy?   Using an aggregate supply and demand graph, show what happens when expansionary fiscal policies are enacted such as the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act when the economy is at full employment. Label all of the curves, the vertical and horizontal axis and show the direction and impact on the economy.

Specify whether expansionary or contractionary fiscal policy would seem to be most appropriate in response to each of the situations below and sketch a diagram using aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves to illustrate your answer:   a. A recession. b. A stock market collapse that hurts consumer and business confidence. c. Extremely rapid growth of exports. d. Rising inflation. e. A rise in the natural rate of unemployment. f. A rise in oil price

Questions:4. what is the government's current budget balance?billions of dollars