State the hypothesis and state, giving a reason, whether the null hypothesis should be accepted or rejected and in context of the problem.

A study of seat belt users and nonusers yielded the randomly selected sample data summarized in the accompanying table. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. A plausible theory is that people who smoke are less concerned about their health and safety and are therefore less inclined to wear seat belts, Is this theory supported by the sample data? BB Click the icon to view the data table. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. O A. Ho: The amount of smoking is dependent upon seat belt use. H₁: The amount of smoking is not dependent upon seat belt use. O B. Ho: Heavy smokers are not less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. H₁: Heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. OC, Ho: Heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. H₁: Heavy smokers are not less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. O D. Ho: The amount of smoking is independent of seat belt…

Does reading the Harry Potter books encourage tolerance? It depends. Italian fifth graders were (randomly) split into two groups. Half the students met with researchers and discussed passages from the Harry Potter books that handled prejudice, while the others talked about unrelated sections. *Data are fabricated but match actual results When determining whether or not the main effects and interactions were significant, for the sake of this assignment, let’s say that the difference between the calculated means/differences must be .7 or higher to be significant.   Posttest attitudes toward immigration (7-pt scale) Discussed prejudice-related sections Discussed unrelated sections High identification w/ Harry 6.2 5.0 Low identification w/ Harry 4.2 4.4     Is there a main effect of identification? (calculate marginal means). Is there a main effect of section? (calculate marginal means). Is there an interaction effect? (calculate “difference of differences”)…

Explain the difference between a one-tailed and two-tailed significance test. When is it appropriate to use each test?

I need help finding the test statistic, p-value, and whether or not to reject the null hypothesis. Please explain each step as well as you can. Thank you very much!

Describe a study in which you can use both nonparametric and parametric statistics. A researcher has participants expecting to receive either painful or mild electrical shocks during a study wait in a quarter-full waiting room with other participants. He then measures whether they choose to sit next to other participants or if they sit far away on their own. What is the best test to run for this study and why?

OI al College is less likely to attend orientation than men before they begin their coursework. A random sample of freshmen at Oxnard College were asked what their gender is and whether they attended orientation. The results of the survey are shown below: Data for Gender vs. Orientation Attendance Select an answer Women Men 439 242 What can be concluded at the a = 0.01 level of significance? For this study, we should use Select an answer a. The null and alternative hypotheses would be: Yes 350 No 262 Ho: Select an answer ✓ Select an answer ✓ Select an answer ✓ (please enter a decimal and note that p1 and μl represent the proportion and mean for women and p2 and μ2 represent the proportion and mean for men.) H₁: b. The test statistic ? | = c. The p-value d. The p-value is ? ✓ a e. Based on this, we should f. Thus, the final conclusion is that ... Select an answer ✓ Select an answer (Please enter a decimal) (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.) (Please show your answer to 4…

The personality characteristics of business leaders (e.g., CEOS) are related to the operations of the businesses that they lead (Oreg & Berson, 2018). Traits like openness to experience are related to positive financial outcomes and other traits are related to negative financial outcomes for their businesses. Suppose that a board of directors is interested in evaluating the personality of their leadership. Among a sample of n = 16 managers, the sample mean of the openness to experiences dimension of personality was M = 4.50. Assuming that u = 4.24 and o = 1.05 (Cobb-Clark & Schurer, 2012), use a two-tailed hypothesis test with a = .05 to test the hypothesis that this company's business leaders' openness to experience is different from the population. Standard Normal Distribution Mean - 0.0 Standard Deviation 1.0 .7198 .1401 .1401 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 -1.08 1.08 Step 1. Ho: ; H;: a = .05. Step 2. The critical region consists of Step 3. For these data the standard error is and…

A dowser has correctly located water for a well 1 out of 2 times in Jones County. In Jones County, someone who is just guessing has a 40% chance of locating water for a well. Does this sample provide sufficient evidence that the dowser can locate water and is not just guessing?

use the math problem uploaded to answer the question. Will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? choose one: a) The P-Value is greater than the level of significance and so we reject the null hypothesis that the variances are equal. At 0.05 level of significance, we conclude that the variance for the first plot is greater than the variance for the second plot.   b) The P-Value is greater than the level of significance and so we fail to reject the null hypothesis that the variances are equal. At 0.05 level of significance, we conclude that the variance for the first plot is equal to the variance for the second plot.   c) The P-Value is greater than the level of significance and so we reject the null hypothesis that the variances are equal. At 0.05 level of significance, we conclude that the variance for the first plot is equal to the variance for the second plot.   d) The P-Value is less than the level of significance and so we fail to reject the null hypothesis…