Stabilizing selection happens when Large and small values of a trait are selected against Medium values of a trait are selected against O Only large OR small values of a trait are selected against

Q: n a longitudinal study, 100 children born on the same day were sampled in a population of interest,…

A: Hardy Weinberg equilibrium or principles states that allele frequencies in a population remain…

Q: Given the following observed genotype frequencies (AA 0.45, Aa 0.16 and aa 0.39) for a gene that…

A: According Hardy-Wienberg Equation: p2 + pq + q2 = 1 Here the dominant allele is A and recessive…

Q: The allele frequencies of the parents in our simulation were p = 0.75 and q = 0.25. The heterozygote…

A: Allele frequency is defined as the number of times the incidence of that allele occurs in the…

Q: Match each of the following terms with its correct definition or application. Dragged and dropped…

A: Selection differential (S) is a measure of the difference in the mean trait value between the…

Q: How do directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection differ? Provide an example for each type…

A: Within the realm of evolution, natural selection stands as a pivotal process wherein traits…

Q: Explain the directional selection effects on the phenotypic mean and the amount of phenotypic…

A: Natural selection, an evolutionary force, can strongly affect the phenotypic variation of a…

Q: To test for statistical significance of the association of a SNP with a trait, the null hypothesis…

A: When a single nucleotide (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine) in the genome sequence is changed,…

Q: O Stabilizing selection O Directional selection O Disruptional selection

A: Natural selection is a theory proposed by Darwin which describes that individual organisms with…

Q: Explain the stabilizing selection effects on the phenotypic mean and the amount of phenotypic…

A: Stabilizing selection is a type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the…

Q: The ratio of nonsynonymous differences pernonsynonymous site, dN, to synonymous differences per…

A: The random changes in the sequence of nucleotides lead to mutation. Some mutations or changes are…

Q: How is the response to selection related to narrow-sense heritability andthe selection differential?…

A: For the prediction of phenotype of an offspring from the cross of two parents, additive variance is…

Q: Compare and contrast directional, stabilizing, disruptive, and balancing selection.

A: Stabilizing selection - whenever the average genes is selected in the population which increase the…

Q: Compare and contrast stabilizing, directional and disruptive selection with regard to how each…

A: Introduction  Natural selection is the adaptation and modification of populations of living…

Q: Why do we have to consider the mean fitness across all environments when evaluating whether evolving…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the study of genes, their inheritance patterns,…

Q: Consider a locus with two alleles and fitnesses WAA = 1, WAB = 1, WBB = 1. The initial %3D frequency…

A: How can an allele be fixed in a population.

Q: Genetic equilibrium means that ... O the distribution of alleles is not changing from generation to…

A: A Gene pool is a set of all genes in a population. Natural selection is an evolutionary theory…

Q: Two traits with similar phenotypic variance exist in apopulation. One trait has two major genes and…

A: Phenotype is a characteristic of external appearance in morphology which is produced as a result of…

Q: f female rabbits prefer longer eared males, but shorter eared males are less likely to acquire life-…

A: Different types of selection affect variations in a given population.

Q: Which statements about nonadaptive traits are true? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY) Nonadaptive traits make…

A: Alleles are the alternative form of a gene. The alleles code for the different versions of a…

Q: When artificial selection is practiced over many generations, it iscommon for the trait to reach a…

A: A gene is a basic structural and functional unit of heredity. Artificial selection between different…

Q: The F1 will display no phenotypic variation for this characteristic All phenotypic variation for…

A: When studying the inheritance of quantitative characteristics, such as height, weight, or other…

Q: In a Gwas study, why is it important to a.) Recruit thousands of people and b. Categorize…

A: Introduction: Systems biology is an approach to understanding complex biological systems. It needs…

Q: Explain the disruptive selection effects on the phenotypic mean and the amount of phenotypic…

A: Disruptive selection is the selection that selects the individuals with extreme values rather than…

Q: In the following form of selection, one extreme of a variable character is selected for:…

A: The Non-random process of selection is crucial in evolution. When some phenotypes are favored over…

Q: None

A: Solution: The required answer is provided in image below

Q: Which of the following is likely to be observed if there has been a strong positive selection on a…

A: Positive selection decrease genetic variation by Using models of the selective sweeps to estimate…

Q: Which type of selection is represented from a population of mice living in the forest where only…

A: Natural selection is the process where the species best adapts to their environment, this process…

Q: Arrange the following in terms of increasing accuracy of selection : I. Phenotypic II. EBV III.…

A: The genetic merit for each trait in an animal defines its breeding value.  EBV (Estimated Breeding…

Q: e high frequency l anemia, in areas with high incidence of malaria suggests that: Individuals that…

A: Sickle cell disease is a blood cell disease caused by presence of beta-globin gene known as sickle…

Q: Over many generations, a population of brown rabbits changes to have darker fur. The light brown fur…

A: Directional selection is a type of natural selection which occurs when environmental pressures favor…

Q: People have only begun to use artificial selection in the last hundred years, as new technologies…

A: Artificial selection is also known as selective breeding. It refers to the selection and breeding of…

Q: Selection operates on a trait with a normal distribution. If after selection, the mean in the trait…

A: Natural selection is a phenomenon by which population undergoes evolution. It favors certain alleles…

Q: Can entropy used to calculate the selection strength?

A: Introduction  Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, which are the genetic material…

Q: )You measure the effects of a single allele (A2) on fitness in two populations of the same plant…

A: The average excess of fitness is a measure of the fitness of a particular allele (say, A2). It can…

Q: Among a particular population of 100 plants, red flowers are dominant and yellow flowers are…

A: Introduction The population is some of all interacting individuals of a particular species in a…

Q: TRAITS HERITABILITY Cutting Ability Racing Speed Jumping Ability Broad sense 0.53 0.55 0.55…

A: The selection for breeding purposes is promoted by the Heritability and environmental variation of…

Q: If the frequency of aa genotype is 0.16, the frequency of Aa genotype is 0.48, and the frequency of…

A: According to the hardy Weinberg principal, genetic variation remain constant from one generation to…

Q: An early study found that postal workers who worked in the office had higher rates of coronary heart…

A: Chance, selection bias, confounding, and recall bias are some of the commonly used terms in…

Q: Explain the difference between Disruptive Selection & Directional Selection ?

A: Natural selection is a concept which was given by Charles Darwin. According to this concept nature…

Q: If additive genes contribute to all of the observed phenotypic variation for a quantitative…

A: Additive genes are the genes that code for the same trait whose effects work together on phenotype.…

Q: Population stratification can be tested by O a. using the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and a…

A: Population stratification can be tested by comparing the genetic variation between different…

Q: The plots show changes in the frequency of allele A1 during population genetic simulations (allele…

A: By dividing the total number of copies of all the alleles at that specific genetic locus in the…

Q: Describe the similarities and differences among directional, balancing, disruptive, and stabilizing…

A: The process of natural selection can operate in a population either in the form of directional,…

Q: In improving single trait in swine, which of the following will you expect to have the highest…

A: Litter size, 21-day litter weight, days to market, feed efficiency, and backfat thickness are…

Q: If you buy some new bull elk with average antler size of 380 inches, and use them as breeders to try…

A: Antler growth is incredibly fast. In fact, antlers are the fastest bone growth in the world. Just a…

Q: What describes the phenotypic plasticity of an organism best? O the degree of which individuals can…

A: It is a multiple choice question.

Q: Explain frequency-dependent selection in your own words.

A: The process by which the heritable traits of biological population is changed over a successive…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.