Spinal fluid contains 15 to 45 mg/dL protein. If you were to take a 5.0 mL sample of spinal fluid, how much protein could you expect to find? Express your answer as a range.

Physical methods are often used to determine protein conformation. Describe how x-ray crystallography, cryo electron microscopy, and NMR spectroscopy can be used to determine the shapes of proteins. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method? Which is better for small proteins? Large proteins? Huge macromolecular assemblies?

What are the 2 main categories of proteins? B. What are the features of protein in these categories.

A gel filtration column with a fractionation range of 1.5-20 kDa is used to separate out the proteins shown below. If these proteins are collected into separate fractions in between the void volume and total volume, in which order will they elute? Indicate if any of the proteins are found in the void volume or total volume fractions.                                                                        Protein Z - 3330Da                                                                        Protein Y - 13kDa                                                                        Protein X - 1.3kDa I. Total volume fraction II. Third protein fraction III. Second protein fraction IV. First protein fraction V. Void volume fraction

You have a mixture of peptides (RE; EQ; DW; EE; KG). Which peptide will bind most strongly in a column filled with anionite at pH 6.0? Which peptide will bind most strongly to a column packed with a cation at pH 6.0?

Differentiate the terms peptide, polypeptide, and proteins. Give two (2) examples for each term and elaborate on their medical and physiological characteristics and functions.

Proteins can be separated into 9 general classifications based on the role they play in a cell. List or briefly describe two of these functional classifications and provide an example of a protein that falls into each of those two categories.

Use the table below to answer the question being asked: Protein Ovalbumin Insulin Fibrinogen y-globulin Collagen Hemoglobin (monomer) Myoglobin Isoelectric pH 4.6 5.4 5.8 6.6 6.6 7.1 7.0 Molecular weight (KDA) 45 5.7 340 160 115 16 16.7 A. Given the 7 proteins in the table, will they all be separated properly using isoelectric focusing? Why or why not? Kindly justify your answer. B. Manually sketch the appearance after visualization of a protein mixture containing the 7 proteins in the table when subjected to isoelectric focusing.

Pepsin is the name given to a mix of several digestive enzymes secreted (as larger precursor proteins) by glands that line the stomach. Theseglands also secrete hydrochloric acid, which dissolves the particulate matter in food, allowing pepsin to enzymatically cleave individual protein molecules. The resulting mixture of food, HCl, and digestive enzymes is known as chyme and has a pH near 1.5. What pI would you predict for the pepsin proteins? What functional groups must be present to confer this pI on pepsin? Which amino acids in the proteins would contribute such groups?

Give an example of a protein containing primarily alphahelices. Is this a fibrous or globular protein?