Some types of bacteria containchains of ferromagnetic particles parallel to their long axis. The chainsact like small bar magnets that align these magnetotactic bacteria withthe earth’s magnetic field. In one experiment to study the response ofsuch bacteria to magnetic fields, a solenoid is constructed with copperwire 1.0 mm in diameter, evenly wound in a single layer to form a helicalcoil of length 40 cm and diameter 12 cm. The wire has a very thinlayer of insulation, and the coil is wound so that adjacent turns are justtouching. The solenoid, which generates a magnetic field, is in an enclosurethat shields it from other magnetic fields. A sample of magnetotacticbacteria is placed inside the solenoid. The torque on an individualbacterium in the solenoid’s magnetic field is proportional to the magnitudeof the magnetic field and to the sine of the angle between the longaxis of the bacterium and the magnetic-field direction What current is needed in the wire so that the magnetic field experienced by the bacteria has a magnitude of 150 mT? (a) 0.095 A; (b) 0.12 A; (c) 0.30 A; (d) 14 A.
Some types of bacteria contain
chains of ferromagnetic particles parallel to their long axis. The chains
act like small bar magnets that align these magnetotactic bacteria with
the earth’s magnetic field. In one experiment to study the response of
such bacteria to magnetic fields, a solenoid is constructed with copper
wire 1.0 mm in diameter, evenly wound in a single layer to form a helical
coil of length 40 cm and diameter 12 cm. The wire has a very thin
layer of insulation, and the coil is wound so that adjacent turns are just
touching. The solenoid, which generates a magnetic field, is in an enclosure
that shields it from other magnetic fields. A sample of magnetotactic
bacteria is placed inside the solenoid. The torque on an individual
bacterium in the solenoid’s magnetic field is proportional to the magnitude
of the magnetic field and to the sine of the angle between the long
axis of the bacterium and the magnetic-field direction What current is needed in the wire so that the magnetic field
experienced by the bacteria has a magnitude of 150 mT? (a) 0.095 A;
(b) 0.12 A; (c) 0.30 A; (d) 14 A.
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